Effect of tunnel advance rate on seepage forces acting on the underwater tunnel face

In this paper, the effect of seepage forces arising from the groundwater flow on the tunnel face stability was studied for underwater tunnels. The groundwater flow equation was solved and the seepage forces acting on the tunnel face were calculated using the upper bound solution in limit analysis. E...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Tunnelling and underground space technology 2004-05, Vol.19 (3), p.273-281
Main Authors: Lee, In-Mo, Nam, Seok-Woo
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Applied sciences
Buildings. Public works
Exact sciences and technology
Face stability
Seepage force
Tunnel
Tunnel advance rate
Tunnels, galleries
Upper bound solution
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Summary:In this paper, the effect of seepage forces arising from the groundwater flow on the tunnel face stability was studied for underwater tunnels. The groundwater flow equation was solved and the seepage forces acting on the tunnel face were calculated using the upper bound solution in limit analysis. Especially, the effect of tunnel advance rate on the seepage forces and thus on the tunnel face stability was studied. A finite element program to analyze the groundwater flow around a tunnel with the consideration of tunnel advance rate was made. Example problem showed that the seepage force is greatly influenced by the tunnel advance rate in case of less permeable ground. Finally, a rational design methodology for the assessment of support pressures required for maintaining the stability of the tunnel face was suggested for underwater tunnels.
ISSN:0886-7798
1878-4364
DOI:10.1016/j.tust.2003.11.005