Risk factors for medial tibial stress syndrome in physically active individuals such as runners and military personnel: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Medial tibial stress syndrome (MTSS) is a common injury in runners and military personnel. There is a lack of agreement on the aetiological factors contributing to MTSS, making treatment challenging and highlighting the importance of preventive efforts. Understanding the risk factors for MTSS is cri...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:British journal of sports medicine 2015-03, Vol.49 (6), p.362-369
Main Authors: Hamstra-Wright, Karrie L, Bliven, Kellie C Huxel, Bay, Curt
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Ankle Joint - physiology
Athletes
Body Mass Index
Exercise
Female
Hip Joint - physiology
Humans
Male
Medial Tibial Stress Syndrome - etiology
Medial Tibial Stress Syndrome - prevention & control
Military Personnel
Pain
Range of Motion, Articular - physiology
Risk Factors
Rotation
Running
Running - injuries
Systematic review
Tarsal Bones - injuries
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Summary:Medial tibial stress syndrome (MTSS) is a common injury in runners and military personnel. There is a lack of agreement on the aetiological factors contributing to MTSS, making treatment challenging and highlighting the importance of preventive efforts. Understanding the risk factors for MTSS is critical for developing preventive measures. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to assess what factors put physically active individuals at risk to develop MTSS. Selected electronic databases were searched. Studies were included if they contained original research that investigated risk factors associated with MTSS, compared physically active individuals with MTSS and physically active individuals without MTSS, were in the English language and were full papers in peer-reviewed journals. Data on research design, study duration, participant selection, population, groups, MTSS diagnosis, investigated risk factors and risk factor definitions were extracted. The methodological quality of the studies was assessed. When the means and SDs of a particular risk factor were reported three or more times, that risk factor was included in the meta-analysis. There were 21 studies included in the systematic review and nine risk factors qualified for inclusion in the meta-analysis. Increased BMI (weighted mean difference (MD)=0.79, 95% CI 0.38 to 1.20, p
ISSN:0306-3674
1473-0480
DOI:10.1136/bjsports-2014-093462