Effects of diazinon on the lymphocytic cholinergic system of Nile tilapia fish (Oreochromis niloticus)

Fish rearing under intensive farming conditions can be easily disturbed by pesticides, substances that have immunotoxic properties and may predispose to infections. Organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) are widely used in agricultural activities; however, the mechanism of immunotoxicity of these substan...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Veterinary immunology and immunopathology 2016-08, Vol.176, p.58-63
Main Authors: Toledo-Ibarra, G.A., Díaz-Resendiz, K.J.G., Pavón-Romero, L., Rojas-García, A.E., Medina-Díaz, I.M, Girón-Pérez, M.I.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acetylcholine
Acetylcholine - analysis
Acetylcholinesterase
Acetylcholinesterase - metabolism
Animals
Cichlids - immunology
Diazinon
Diazinon - toxicity
Immunotoxicity
Insecticides - toxicity
Lymphocytes - drug effects
Male
Nile tilapia fish
Oreochromis niloticus
Organophosphorus pesticides
Parasympathetic Nervous System - drug effects
Receptors, Cholinergic - analysis
Receptors, Cholinergic - drug effects
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Summary:Fish rearing under intensive farming conditions can be easily disturbed by pesticides, substances that have immunotoxic properties and may predispose to infections. Organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) are widely used in agricultural activities; however, the mechanism of immunotoxicity of these substances is unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of diazinon pesticides (OPs) on the cholinergic system of immune cells as a possible target of OP immunotoxicity. We evaluated ACh levels and cholinergic (nicotinic and muscarinic) receptor concentration. Additionally, AChE activity was evaluated in mononuclear cells of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), a freshwater fish mostly cultivated in tropical regions around the world. The obtained results indicate that acute exposure to diazinon induces an increase in ACh concentration and a decrease in nAChR and mAChR concentrations and AChE activity in fish immune cells, This suggests that the non-neuronal lymphocytic cholinergic system may be the main target in the mechanism of OP immunotoxicity. This study contributes to the understanding of the mechanisms of immunotoxicity of pollutants and may help to take actions for animal health improvement.
ISSN:0165-2427
1873-2534
DOI:10.1016/j.vetimm.2016.05.010