Borderline personality disorder, but not euthymic bipolar I disorder, is associated with prolonged post-error slowing in sensorimotor performance

Abstract Background Borderline personality disorder (BPD) and bipolar disorder (BD) are common psychiatric diagnoses. Impulsivity and affective instability are prominent features of both illnesses, complicate treatment and are associated with poor clinical outcomes. Yet, little is known about sensor...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of affective disorders 2016-07, Vol.198, p.163-170
Main Authors: Saunders, Kate E.A, Goodwin, Guy M, Rogers, Robert D
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Action-monitoring
Adolescent
Adult
Bipolar disorder
Bipolar Disorder - physiopathology
Bipolar Disorder - psychology
Borderline personality disorder
Borderline Personality Disorder - physiopathology
Borderline Personality Disorder - psychology
Female
Humans
Middle Aged
Post-error slowing
Psychiatry
Reaction Time - physiology
Reaction times
Speed accuracy trade-off
Task Performance and Analysis
Young Adult
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Summary:Abstract Background Borderline personality disorder (BPD) and bipolar disorder (BD) are common psychiatric diagnoses. Impulsivity and affective instability are prominent features of both illnesses, complicate treatment and are associated with poor clinical outcomes. Yet, little is known about sensorimotor control in these populations, whether they differ in their speed and accuracy of performance, and their ability to restore efficient performance following errors. Methods Twenty females with DSM-IV BPD, 20 females with DSM-IV BD and 20 age- and cognitive-ability matched healthy control participants completed a simple, brief reaction time task in which two single-attribute stimuli were mapped to distinct motor responses. Results Inspection of response latencies and errors showed that both the BPD and BD participants were able to respond as quickly and accurately as controls, reducing reaction times gently prior to errors, but that BPD participants showed prolonged post-error slowing (PES) before resuming normative levels of speed and accuracy. Limitations BD and BPD participants were taking psychotropic medication. Conclusions These findings suggest that BPD and BD individuals can achieve normative speed-accuracy trade-offs; but that only BPD individuals exhibit differentially slowed recovery following errors, indicating a specific impartment in basic sensorimotor control.
ISSN:0165-0327
1573-2517
DOI:10.1016/j.jad.2016.03.027