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Assessment of groundwater quality for irrigation: a case study from Bandalamottu lead mining area, Guntur District, Andhra Pradesh, South India
Quality of water resources in the Bandalamottu area of Guntur District of Andhra Pradesh in South India is facing a serious challenge due to Pb mining. Therefore, 40 groundwater samples were collected from this area to assess their hydrogeochemistry and suitability for irrigation purposes. The groun...
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| Published in: | Applied water science 2014-12, Vol.4 (4), p.385-396 |
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| creator | Nagaraju, A. Sunil Kumar, K. Thejaswi, A. |
| description | Quality of water resources in the Bandalamottu area of Guntur District of Andhra Pradesh in South India is facing a serious challenge due to Pb mining. Therefore, 40 groundwater samples were collected from this area to assess their hydrogeochemistry and suitability for irrigation purposes. The groundwater samples were analyzed for distribution of chemical elements Ca
2+
, Mg
2+
, Na
+
, K
+
, HCO
3
−
, CO
3
2−
, F
−
, Cl
−
, and SO
4
2−
. It also includes pH, electrical conductivity, total hardness, non-carbonate hardness and total alkalinity. The parameters, such as sodium absorption ratio (SAR), adjusted SAR, sodium percentage, potential salinity, residual sodium carbonate, non-carbonate hardness, Kelly’s ratio, magnesium ratio, permeability index, indices of base exchange (IBE) and Gibbs ratio were also calculated. The major hydrochemical facieses were Ca–HCO
3
, Ca–Na–HCO
3
and Ca–Mg–Cl types. The result of saturation index calculated by Visual MINTEQ software combined with Gibbs diagram and IBE findings indicate that, dolomite and calcite dissolution and reverse ion exchange can be a major process controlling the water chemistry in the study area. The results also showed that the salinity (85 %, C3 class) and alkalinity due to high concentration of HCO
3
−
and CO
3
−
and low Ca:Mg molar ratio (97.5 %, |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s13201-014-0154-1 |
| format | article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_1808707787</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>4252671551</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c392t-1f800af1b1f4c16cb0bc8218ea32e3a971086479405b8b1a7144e70cb8d44b783</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp1kdFqFTEQhhexYKl9AO8GvPHirGZ2s03Wu2OrtVBooXodZnez56TsJu0kQfoUvrIpR0QEB4YZmO__Gfir6g2K9yiE-hCxbQTWAmXpTtb4ojpusBd1J_vu5Z9dq1fVaYz3olSHXd_o4-rnNkYb42p9gjDDjkP20w9KluEx0-LSE8yBwTG7HSUX_EcgGClaiClP5chhhU_kJ1poDSllWCxNsDrv_A6ILW3gMvuUGS5cTOzGtIGtn_ZMcMs02bjfwF3IaQ9XfnL0ujqaaYn29Pc8qb5_-fzt_Gt9fXN5db69rse2b1KNsxaCZhxwliOejYMYRt2gttQ2tqVeodBnUvVSdIMekBRKaZUYBz1JOSjdnlTvDr4PHB6zjcmsLo52WcjbkKNBLbQSSmlV0Lf_oPchsy_fFUoKjaX6QuGBGjnEyHY2D-xW4ieDwjynZA4pmZKSeU7JYNE0B00srN9Z_sv5v6JfmZyU6w</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>1840811119</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Assessment of groundwater quality for irrigation: a case study from Bandalamottu lead mining area, Guntur District, Andhra Pradesh, South India</title><source>Publicly Available Content Database</source><source>Full-Text Journals in Chemistry (Open access)</source><source>Springer Nature - SpringerLink Journals - Fully Open Access</source><creator>Nagaraju, A. ; Sunil Kumar, K. ; Thejaswi, A.</creator><creatorcontrib>Nagaraju, A. ; Sunil Kumar, K. ; Thejaswi, A.</creatorcontrib><description>Quality of water resources in the Bandalamottu area of Guntur District of Andhra Pradesh in South India is facing a serious challenge due to Pb mining. Therefore, 40 groundwater samples were collected from this area to assess their hydrogeochemistry and suitability for irrigation purposes. The groundwater samples were analyzed for distribution of chemical elements Ca
2+
, Mg
2+
, Na
+
, K
+
, HCO
3
−
, CO
3
2−
, F
−
, Cl
−
, and SO
4
2−
. It also includes pH, electrical conductivity, total hardness, non-carbonate hardness and total alkalinity. The parameters, such as sodium absorption ratio (SAR), adjusted SAR, sodium percentage, potential salinity, residual sodium carbonate, non-carbonate hardness, Kelly’s ratio, magnesium ratio, permeability index, indices of base exchange (IBE) and Gibbs ratio were also calculated. The major hydrochemical facieses were Ca–HCO
3
, Ca–Na–HCO
3
and Ca–Mg–Cl types. The result of saturation index calculated by Visual MINTEQ software combined with Gibbs diagram and IBE findings indicate that, dolomite and calcite dissolution and reverse ion exchange can be a major process controlling the water chemistry in the study area. The results also showed that the salinity (85 %, C3 class) and alkalinity due to high concentration of HCO
3
−
and CO
3
−
and low Ca:Mg molar ratio (97.5 %, <1), are the major problems with water for irrigation usage. As a result, the quality of the groundwater is not suitable for sustainable crop production and soil health without appropriate remediation.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2190-5487</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2190-5495</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s13201-014-0154-1</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg</publisher><subject>Alkalinity ; Aquatic Pollution ; Calcite ; Comparative Law ; Crop production ; Dolomite ; Earth and Environmental Science ; Earth Sciences ; Groundwater irrigation ; Groundwater mining ; Hardness ; Hydrogeology ; Industrial and Production Engineering ; International & Foreign Law ; Irrigation water ; Magnesium ; Nanotechnology ; Original Article ; Private International Law ; Salinity ; Saturation index ; Sodium ; Sustainable agriculture ; Sustainable production ; Waste Water Technology ; Water analysis ; Water chemistry ; Water Industry/Water Technologies ; Water Management ; Water Pollution Control ; Water quality ; Water resources ; Water sampling</subject><ispartof>Applied water science, 2014-12, Vol.4 (4), p.385-396</ispartof><rights>The Author(s) 2014</rights><rights>Applied Water Science is a copyright of Springer, 2014.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c392t-1f800af1b1f4c16cb0bc8218ea32e3a971086479405b8b1a7144e70cb8d44b783</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c392t-1f800af1b1f4c16cb0bc8218ea32e3a971086479405b8b1a7144e70cb8d44b783</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.proquest.com/docview/1840811119/fulltextPDF?pq-origsite=primo$$EPDF$$P50$$Gproquest$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.proquest.com/docview/1840811119?pq-origsite=primo$$EHTML$$P50$$Gproquest$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,25731,27901,27902,36989,36990,44566,74869</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Nagaraju, A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sunil Kumar, K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Thejaswi, A.</creatorcontrib><title>Assessment of groundwater quality for irrigation: a case study from Bandalamottu lead mining area, Guntur District, Andhra Pradesh, South India</title><title>Applied water science</title><addtitle>Appl Water Sci</addtitle><description>Quality of water resources in the Bandalamottu area of Guntur District of Andhra Pradesh in South India is facing a serious challenge due to Pb mining. Therefore, 40 groundwater samples were collected from this area to assess their hydrogeochemistry and suitability for irrigation purposes. The groundwater samples were analyzed for distribution of chemical elements Ca
2+
, Mg
2+
, Na
+
, K
+
, HCO
3
−
, CO
3
2−
, F
−
, Cl
−
, and SO
4
2−
. It also includes pH, electrical conductivity, total hardness, non-carbonate hardness and total alkalinity. The parameters, such as sodium absorption ratio (SAR), adjusted SAR, sodium percentage, potential salinity, residual sodium carbonate, non-carbonate hardness, Kelly’s ratio, magnesium ratio, permeability index, indices of base exchange (IBE) and Gibbs ratio were also calculated. The major hydrochemical facieses were Ca–HCO
3
, Ca–Na–HCO
3
and Ca–Mg–Cl types. The result of saturation index calculated by Visual MINTEQ software combined with Gibbs diagram and IBE findings indicate that, dolomite and calcite dissolution and reverse ion exchange can be a major process controlling the water chemistry in the study area. The results also showed that the salinity (85 %, C3 class) and alkalinity due to high concentration of HCO
3
−
and CO
3
−
and low Ca:Mg molar ratio (97.5 %, <1), are the major problems with water for irrigation usage. As a result, the quality of the groundwater is not suitable for sustainable crop production and soil health without appropriate remediation.</description><subject>Alkalinity</subject><subject>Aquatic Pollution</subject><subject>Calcite</subject><subject>Comparative Law</subject><subject>Crop production</subject><subject>Dolomite</subject><subject>Earth and Environmental Science</subject><subject>Earth Sciences</subject><subject>Groundwater irrigation</subject><subject>Groundwater mining</subject><subject>Hardness</subject><subject>Hydrogeology</subject><subject>Industrial and Production Engineering</subject><subject>International & Foreign Law</subject><subject>Irrigation water</subject><subject>Magnesium</subject><subject>Nanotechnology</subject><subject>Original Article</subject><subject>Private International Law</subject><subject>Salinity</subject><subject>Saturation index</subject><subject>Sodium</subject><subject>Sustainable agriculture</subject><subject>Sustainable production</subject><subject>Waste Water Technology</subject><subject>Water analysis</subject><subject>Water chemistry</subject><subject>Water Industry/Water Technologies</subject><subject>Water Management</subject><subject>Water Pollution Control</subject><subject>Water quality</subject><subject>Water resources</subject><subject>Water sampling</subject><issn>2190-5487</issn><issn>2190-5495</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2014</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>PIMPY</sourceid><recordid>eNp1kdFqFTEQhhexYKl9AO8GvPHirGZ2s03Wu2OrtVBooXodZnez56TsJu0kQfoUvrIpR0QEB4YZmO__Gfir6g2K9yiE-hCxbQTWAmXpTtb4ojpusBd1J_vu5Z9dq1fVaYz3olSHXd_o4-rnNkYb42p9gjDDjkP20w9KluEx0-LSE8yBwTG7HSUX_EcgGClaiClP5chhhU_kJ1poDSllWCxNsDrv_A6ILW3gMvuUGS5cTOzGtIGtn_ZMcMs02bjfwF3IaQ9XfnL0ujqaaYn29Pc8qb5_-fzt_Gt9fXN5db69rse2b1KNsxaCZhxwliOejYMYRt2gttQ2tqVeodBnUvVSdIMekBRKaZUYBz1JOSjdnlTvDr4PHB6zjcmsLo52WcjbkKNBLbQSSmlV0Lf_oPchsy_fFUoKjaX6QuGBGjnEyHY2D-xW4ieDwjynZA4pmZKSeU7JYNE0B00srN9Z_sv5v6JfmZyU6w</recordid><startdate>20141201</startdate><enddate>20141201</enddate><creator>Nagaraju, A.</creator><creator>Sunil Kumar, K.</creator><creator>Thejaswi, A.</creator><general>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>C6C</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QH</scope><scope>7UA</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>BKSAR</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>H96</scope><scope>H97</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>L.G</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PCBAR</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>SOI</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20141201</creationdate><title>Assessment of groundwater quality for irrigation: a case study from Bandalamottu lead mining area, Guntur District, Andhra Pradesh, South India</title><author>Nagaraju, A. ; Sunil Kumar, K. ; Thejaswi, A.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c392t-1f800af1b1f4c16cb0bc8218ea32e3a971086479405b8b1a7144e70cb8d44b783</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2014</creationdate><topic>Alkalinity</topic><topic>Aquatic Pollution</topic><topic>Calcite</topic><topic>Comparative Law</topic><topic>Crop production</topic><topic>Dolomite</topic><topic>Earth and Environmental Science</topic><topic>Earth Sciences</topic><topic>Groundwater irrigation</topic><topic>Groundwater mining</topic><topic>Hardness</topic><topic>Hydrogeology</topic><topic>Industrial and Production Engineering</topic><topic>International & Foreign Law</topic><topic>Irrigation water</topic><topic>Magnesium</topic><topic>Nanotechnology</topic><topic>Original Article</topic><topic>Private International Law</topic><topic>Salinity</topic><topic>Saturation index</topic><topic>Sodium</topic><topic>Sustainable agriculture</topic><topic>Sustainable production</topic><topic>Waste Water Technology</topic><topic>Water analysis</topic><topic>Water chemistry</topic><topic>Water Industry/Water Technologies</topic><topic>Water Management</topic><topic>Water Pollution Control</topic><topic>Water quality</topic><topic>Water resources</topic><topic>Water sampling</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Nagaraju, A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sunil Kumar, K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Thejaswi, A.</creatorcontrib><collection>SpringerOpen</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Aqualine</collection><collection>Water Resources Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Sustainability</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Earth, Atmospheric & Aquatic Science Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ASFA: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 2: Ocean Technology, Policy & Non-Living Resources</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection (Proquest) (PQ_SDU_P3)</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Professional</collection><collection>Environmental Science Database</collection><collection>Earth, Atmospheric & Aquatic Science Database</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Toxicology Abstracts</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><jtitle>Applied water science</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Nagaraju, A.</au><au>Sunil Kumar, K.</au><au>Thejaswi, A.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Assessment of groundwater quality for irrigation: a case study from Bandalamottu lead mining area, Guntur District, Andhra Pradesh, South India</atitle><jtitle>Applied water science</jtitle><stitle>Appl Water Sci</stitle><date>2014-12-01</date><risdate>2014</risdate><volume>4</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>385</spage><epage>396</epage><pages>385-396</pages><issn>2190-5487</issn><eissn>2190-5495</eissn><abstract>Quality of water resources in the Bandalamottu area of Guntur District of Andhra Pradesh in South India is facing a serious challenge due to Pb mining. Therefore, 40 groundwater samples were collected from this area to assess their hydrogeochemistry and suitability for irrigation purposes. The groundwater samples were analyzed for distribution of chemical elements Ca
2+
, Mg
2+
, Na
+
, K
+
, HCO
3
−
, CO
3
2−
, F
−
, Cl
−
, and SO
4
2−
. It also includes pH, electrical conductivity, total hardness, non-carbonate hardness and total alkalinity. The parameters, such as sodium absorption ratio (SAR), adjusted SAR, sodium percentage, potential salinity, residual sodium carbonate, non-carbonate hardness, Kelly’s ratio, magnesium ratio, permeability index, indices of base exchange (IBE) and Gibbs ratio were also calculated. The major hydrochemical facieses were Ca–HCO
3
, Ca–Na–HCO
3
and Ca–Mg–Cl types. The result of saturation index calculated by Visual MINTEQ software combined with Gibbs diagram and IBE findings indicate that, dolomite and calcite dissolution and reverse ion exchange can be a major process controlling the water chemistry in the study area. The results also showed that the salinity (85 %, C3 class) and alkalinity due to high concentration of HCO
3
−
and CO
3
−
and low Ca:Mg molar ratio (97.5 %, <1), are the major problems with water for irrigation usage. As a result, the quality of the groundwater is not suitable for sustainable crop production and soil health without appropriate remediation.</abstract><cop>Berlin/Heidelberg</cop><pub>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</pub><doi>10.1007/s13201-014-0154-1</doi><tpages>12</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
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| ispartof | Applied water science, 2014-12, Vol.4 (4), p.385-396 |
| issn | 2190-5487 2190-5495 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_1808707787 |
| source | Publicly Available Content Database; Full-Text Journals in Chemistry (Open access); Springer Nature - SpringerLink Journals - Fully Open Access |
| subjects | Alkalinity Aquatic Pollution Calcite Comparative Law Crop production Dolomite Earth and Environmental Science Earth Sciences Groundwater irrigation Groundwater mining Hardness Hydrogeology Industrial and Production Engineering International & Foreign Law Irrigation water Magnesium Nanotechnology Original Article Private International Law Salinity Saturation index Sodium Sustainable agriculture Sustainable production Waste Water Technology Water analysis Water chemistry Water Industry/Water Technologies Water Management Water Pollution Control Water quality Water resources Water sampling |
| title | Assessment of groundwater quality for irrigation: a case study from Bandalamottu lead mining area, Guntur District, Andhra Pradesh, South India |
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