An aspect of bitumen emulsification by steam condensation: Effect of formation temperature and bitumen content

The experiments to form emulsions of bitumen including fine droplets of condensate water were carried out for an average formation temperature range; T f = 38-69°C and bitumen content; C B = 29-82%. It was observed that the water retention capacity or stability of the emulsions after mild agitation...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Energy sources. Part A, Recovery, utilization, and environmental effects Recovery, utilization, and environmental effects, 2016-01, Vol.38 (12), p.1790-1797
Main Authors: Alade, O.S., Sasaki, K., Sugai, Y., Ademodi, B., Kumasaka, J., Nakano, M.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Bitumen content
Bitumens
Condensation
Droplets
emulsification
Emulsions
formation temperature
Formations
Particle size
Stability
steam condensation
Utilization
viscosity
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Summary:The experiments to form emulsions of bitumen including fine droplets of condensate water were carried out for an average formation temperature range; T f = 38-69°C and bitumen content; C B = 29-82%. It was observed that the water retention capacity or stability of the emulsions after mild agitation was significantly affected by formation temperature and content of the bitumen. The particle size of water droplets in emulsion decreased with increasing formation temperature. However, bitumen emulsions showed similar shear thinning non-Newtonian behavior in spite of the formation temperature, since water droplets in the emulsions changed under shear flow to smaller size similar to ones formed at the higher formation temperature.
ISSN:1556-7036
1556-7230
DOI:10.1080/15567036.2014.981321