Determination of the anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective effects of l-glutamine and l-alanine, or dipeptide, supplementation in rats submitted to resistance exercise

We evaluated the effects of chronic oral supplementation with l-glutamine and l-alanine in their free form or as the dipeptide l-alanyl-l-glutamine (DIP) on muscle damage, inflammation and cytoprotection, in rats submitted to progressive resistance exercise (RE). Wistar rats (n 8/group) were submitt...

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Published in:British journal of nutrition 2016-08, Vol.116 (3), p.470-479
Main Authors: Raizel, Raquel, Leite, Jaqueline Santos Moreira, Hypólito, Thaís Menezes, Coqueiro, Audrey Yule, Newsholme, Philip, Cruzat, Vinicius Fernandes, Tirapegui, Julio
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adaptation
Alanine - pharmacology
Alanine - therapeutic use
Animals
Anti-Inflammatory Agents - pharmacology
Anti-Inflammatory Agents - therapeutic use
Creatine Kinase - blood
Cytokines - blood
Dietary Supplements
Dipeptides - pharmacology
Dipeptides - therapeutic use
Drinking water
Exercise
Glutamine - blood
Glutamine - metabolism
Glutamine - pharmacology
Glutamine - therapeutic use
Heat shock proteins
HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins - metabolism
Inflammation - drug therapy
Inflammation - etiology
Inflammation - metabolism
L-Lactate Dehydrogenase - blood
Leukocytes, Mononuclear - metabolism
Male
Metabolism
Muscle, Skeletal - drug effects
Muscle, Skeletal - metabolism
Musculoskeletal system
NF-kappa B - metabolism
Nutritional Immunology
Pharmaceutical sciences
Rats, Wistar
Resistance Training - adverse effects
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Summary:We evaluated the effects of chronic oral supplementation with l-glutamine and l-alanine in their free form or as the dipeptide l-alanyl-l-glutamine (DIP) on muscle damage, inflammation and cytoprotection, in rats submitted to progressive resistance exercise (RE). Wistar rats (n 8/group) were submitted to 8-week RE, which consisted of climbing a ladder with progressive loads. In the final 21 d before euthanasia, supplements were delivered in a 4 % solution in drinking water. Glutamine, creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), TNF-α, specific IL (IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-10) and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) levels were evaluated in plasma. The concentrations of glutamine, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-10, as well as NF-κB activation, were determined in extensor digitorum longus (EDL) skeletal muscle. HSP70 level was assayed in EDL and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). RE reduced glutamine concentration in plasma and EDL (P
ISSN:0007-1145
1475-2662
DOI:10.1017/S0007114516001999