Professional karate-do and mixed martial arts fighters present with a high prevalence of temporomandibular disorders

• Published in: Dental traumatology 2016-08, Vol.32 (4), p.281-285
• Main Authors: Bonotto, Daniel, Namba, Eli Luis, Veiga, Danielle Medeiros, Wandembruck, Fernanda, Mussi, Felipe, Afonso Cunali, Paulo, Ribeiro Rosa, Edvaldo Antonio, Azevedo-Alanis, Luciana Reis
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Athletes; Dentistry; Facial Injuries; Humans; Martial Arts; Prevalence; temporomandibular disorders; temporomandibular joint; Temporomandibular Joint Disorders - epidemiology; Temporomandibular Joint Disorders - etiology; trauma in athletes
• ISSN: 1600-4469; 1600-9657
• DOI: 10.1111/edt.12238

Background/aim Facial trauma in sports has been associated with temporomandibular disorders. Because of the intensity and duration of training needed for elite‐level competitions, high‐performance athletes can have two to five times more traumatic injuries than recreational athletes. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of temporomandibular disorders in high‐performance martial arts fighters and compare it with the prevalence in recreational athletes and non‐athletes. Material and Methods The Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders was used to diagnose and classify professional karate‐do practitioners (group I; n = 24), amateur karate‐do practitioners (group II; n = 17), high‐performance mixed martial arts fighters (group III; n = 13), and non‐athletes (n = 28). The groups were compared with the chi‐square test and tested for the difference between two proportions using a significance level of 5% (P < 0.05). Results The prevalence of temporomandibular disorders in groups I (54.2%; P = 0.003) and III (61.5%; P = 0.002) was significantly higher than in group IV (14.3%). The prevalence in group II was similar to that in group IV (P > 0.05). A diagnosis of arthralgia from disk displacement was made more frequently in groups I (45.8%; P = 0.013) and III (38.5%; P = 0.012) than in group IV (7.1%). The chronic pain associated with TMD was low intensity and low disability. Conclusions While there was a high prevalence of temporomandibular disorders in the professional athletes in our study, the prevalence of the condition in recreational athletes was similar to that in individuals who did not practice martial arts.