The longitudinal effects of neighbourhood social and material deprivation change on psychological distress in urban, community-dwelling Canadian adults

Abstract Objective The purpose of this study was to assess how longitudinal changes in neighbourhood material and social deprivation affect distress outcomes in adult Canadians. Study design This study used a prospective cohort approach. Methods We paired data from 2745 urban participants of Canada&...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Public health (London) 2015-07, Vol.129 (7), p.932-940
Main Authors: Blair, A, Gariépy, G, Schmitz, N
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Aged
Aging - psychology
Canada - epidemiology
Deprivation
Distress
Female
Humans
Infectious Disease
Internal Medicine
Longitudinal
Longitudinal Studies
Male
Mental health
Middle Aged
Neighbourhood
Prospective Studies
Residence Characteristics
Social Environment
Socioeconomic Factors
Stress, Psychological - epidemiology
Urban Health
Urban Population - statistics & numerical data
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Summary:Abstract Objective The purpose of this study was to assess how longitudinal changes in neighbourhood material and social deprivation affect distress outcomes in adult Canadians. Study design This study used a prospective cohort approach. Methods We paired data from 2745 urban participants of Canada's National Population Health Survey—who completed the Kessler 6-Item psychological distress screening tool at baseline and follow-up—with neighbourhood social and material deprivation data from the census-based Pampalon Deprivation Index. Data were paired using participants' postal code. We conducted multiple linear regression models, which were stratified by baseline deprivation level and controlled for key confounders. Results Most participants lived in neighbourhoods that did not change drastically in social or material deprivation level during the six years between baseline and follow-up. We found that a worsening of material settings was significantly associated with worsening distress scores at follow-up. This finding is discussed in the context of existing literature, and made relevant for urban health research and policy.
ISSN:0033-3506
1476-5616
DOI:10.1016/j.puhe.2015.05.011