Effects of Salmonella infection on hepatic damage following acute liver injury in rats

• Published in: Hepatobiliary & pancreatic diseases international 2016-08, Vol.15 (4), p.399-405
• Main Authors: Li, Yong-Tao, Yu, Cheng-Bo, Yan, Dong, Huang, Jian-Rong, Li, Lan-Juan
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Acute Disease; acute liver injury; Alanine Transaminase - blood; Animals; Aspartate Aminotransferases - blood; Bacterial Translocation; Bilirubin - blood; Biomarkers - blood; CD3 Complex - immunology; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury - blood; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury - immunology; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury - microbiology; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury - pathology; cytokine; Cytokines - immunology; Disease Models, Animal; Endocrinology & Metabolism; endotoxin; Endotoxins - metabolism; Galactosamine; Gastroenterology and Hepatology; Host-Pathogen Interactions; Liver - metabolism; Liver - microbiology; Liver - pathology; Male; Peyer's Patches - immunology; Peyer's Patches - microbiology; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Salmonella enteritidis; Salmonella enteritidis - immunology; Salmonella enteritidis - metabolism; Salmonella enteritidis - pathogenicity; Salmonella Infections - blood; Salmonella Infections - immunology; Salmonella Infections - microbiology; Salmonella Infections - pathology; T-Lymphocytes - immunology; T-Lymphocytes - microbiology; Time Factors; 丙氨酸转氨酶; 大鼠模型; 天冬氨酸转氨酶; 急性肝损伤; 沙门氏菌感染; 肝损害; 肠炎沙门氏菌; 肠道菌群紊乱
• ISSN: 1499-3872
• DOI: 10.1016/S1499-3872(16)60113-3

BACKGROUND： Acute liver injury is a common clinical disorder associated with intestinal barrier injury and disturbance of intestinal microbiota. Probiotic supplementation has been reported to reduce liver injury; however, it is unclear whether enteropathogen infection exacerbates liver injury. The purpose of this study was to address this unanswered question using a rat model. METHODS： Oral supplementation with Salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis（S. enteritidis） was given to rats for 7 days. Different degrees of acute liver injury were then induced by intraperitoneal injection of D-galactosamine. The presence and extent of liver injury was assayed by measuring the concentrations of serum alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and total bilirubin. Histology was used to observe liver tissue damage. Additionally, we measured the changes in plasma endotoxin, serum cytokines and bacterial translocation to clarify the mechanisms underlying intestinal microbiota associated liver injury.RESULTS： The levels of liver damage and endotoxin were significantly increased in the Salmonella infected rats with severe liver injury compared with the no infection rats with severe liver injury（P〈0.01）; The peyer＇s patch CD3＋ T cell counts were increased significantly when the Salmonella infection with severe injury group was compared with the normal group（P〈0.05）. S. enteritidis pretreatment enhanced intestinal barrier impairment and bacterial translocation.CONCLUSIONS： Oral S. enteritidis administration exacerbates acute liver injury, especially when injury was severe.Major factors of the exacerbation include inflammatory and oxidative stress injuries induced by the translocated bacteria and associated endotoxins, as well as over-activation of the immune system in the intestine and liver.