New spatially continuous indices of redlining and racial bias in mortgage lending: links to survival after breast cancer diagnosis and implications for health disparities research

Racial health disparities continue to be a serious problem in the United States and have been linked to contextual factors, including racial segregation. In some cases, including breast cancer survival, racial disparities appear to be worsening. Using the Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA) database...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Health & place 2016-07, Vol.40, p.34-43
Main Authors: Beyer, Kirsten M.M., Zhou, Yuhong, Matthews, Kevin, Bemanian, Amin, Laud, Purushottam W., Nattinger, Ann B.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adaptive spatial filtering
African Americans - statistics & numerical data
Breast cancer survival
Breast Neoplasms - diagnosis
Breast Neoplasms - mortality
Cancer Survivors - statistics & numerical data
Female
Health Status Disparities
Health technology assessment
Home Mortgage Disclosure Act
Housing - economics
Housing - statistics & numerical data
Humans
Racial bias
Racial health disparities
Racism - statistics & numerical data
Redlining
Residence Characteristics
Socioeconomic Factors
Spatial Analysis
Wisconsin
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Summary:Racial health disparities continue to be a serious problem in the United States and have been linked to contextual factors, including racial segregation. In some cases, including breast cancer survival, racial disparities appear to be worsening. Using the Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA) database, we extend current spatial analysis methodology to derive new, spatially continuous indices of (1) racial bias in mortgage lending and (2) redlining. We then examine spatial patterns of these indices and the association between these new measures and breast cancer survival among Black/African American women in the Milwaukee, Wisconsin metropolitan area. These new measures can be used to examine relationships between mortgage discrimination and patterns of disease throughout the United States. •New indices to measure redlining and racial bias in mortgage lending are developed.•The development of new measures extends spatial analytical methodology.•Racial bias in lending is linked with poorer breast cancer survival in Black women.•Indices should be tested in other settings with alternative disease outcomes.
ISSN:1353-8292
1873-2054
DOI:10.1016/j.healthplace.2016.04.014