Aspirin and Cancer

Abstract The place of aspirin in primary prevention remains controversial, with North American and European organizations issuing contradictory treatment guidelines. More recently, the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommended “initiating low-dose aspirin use for the primary prevention of card...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of the American College of Cardiology 2016-08, Vol.68 (9), p.967-976
Main Authors: Patrignani, Paola, PhD, Patrono, Carlo, MD
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acute coronary syndromes
Arthritis
Aspirin
Aspirin - administration & dosage
Biomarkers
Biosynthesis
Cardiology
Cardiovascular
Cardiovascular Diseases - prevention & control
chemoprevention
Colorectal cancer
colorectal neoplasms
Colorectal Neoplasms - prevention & control
Confidence intervals
cyclooxygenase-1
Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
Epidemiology
Health risk assessment
Humans
Hypotheses
Internal Medicine
Meta-analysis
nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents
platelet activation
Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors - administration & dosage
Practice Guidelines as Topic
Prevention
Primary Prevention - methods
prostaglandins
Rodents
Studies
Tumors
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Summary:Abstract The place of aspirin in primary prevention remains controversial, with North American and European organizations issuing contradictory treatment guidelines. More recently, the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommended “initiating low-dose aspirin use for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and colorectal cancer in adults aged 50 to 59 years who have a 10% or greater 10-year CVD risk, are not at increased risk for bleeding, have a life expectancy of at least 10 years, and are willing to take low-dose aspirin daily for at least 10 years.” This recommendation reflects increasing evidence for a chemopreventive effect of low-dose aspirin against colorectal (and other) cancer. The intent of this paper is to review the evidence supporting a chemopreventive effect of aspirin, discuss its potential mechanism(s) of action, and provide a conceptual framework for assessing current guidelines in the light of ongoing studies.
ISSN:0735-1097
1558-3597
DOI:10.1016/j.jacc.2016.05.083