Application of various water soluble polymers in gas hydrate inhibition

Formation of hydrates in gas transmission lines due to high pressures and low temperatures is a serious problem in the oil and gas industry with potential hazards and/or economic losses. Kinetic hydrate inhibitors are water soluble polymeric compounds that prevent or delay hydrate formation. This re...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Renewable & sustainable energy reviews 2016-07, Vol.60, p.206-225
Main Authors: Kamal, Muhammad Shahzad, Hussein, Ibnelwaleed A., Sultan, Abdullah S., von Solms, Nicolas
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Amides
Formations
Gas hydrates
Hydrates
Induction time
Inhibition
Inhibitors
Kinetic inhibitors
Natural gas
Poly(vinyl caprolactam)
Water soluble polymers
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Summary:Formation of hydrates in gas transmission lines due to high pressures and low temperatures is a serious problem in the oil and gas industry with potential hazards and/or economic losses. Kinetic hydrate inhibitors are water soluble polymeric compounds that prevent or delay hydrate formation. This review presents the various types of water soluble polymers used for hydrate inhibition, including conventional and novel polymeric inhibitors along with their limitations. The review covers the relevant properties of vinyl lactam, amide, dendrimeric, fluorinated, and natural biodegradable polymers. The factors affecting the performance of these polymers and the structure–property relationships are reviewed. A comprehensive review of the techniques used to evaluate the performance of the polymeric inhibitors is given. This review also addresses recent developments, current and future challenges, and field applications of a range of polymeric kinetic hydrate inhibitors.
ISSN:1364-0321
1879-0690
DOI:10.1016/j.rser.2016.01.092