A Review: Phytochemicals Targeting JAK/STAT Signaling and IDO Expression in Cancer

Cancer remains a major health problem worldwide. Among many other factors, two regulatory defects that are present in most cancer cells are constitutive activation of Janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) signaling pathway and the induction of indoleamine 2, 3‐di...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Phytotherapy research 2015-06, Vol.29 (6), p.805-817
Main Authors: Arumuggam, Niroshaathevi, Bhowmick, Neil A., Rupasinghe, H. P. Vasantha
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
3-dioxygenase (IDO)
Animals
cancer
Catechin - analogs & derivatives
Catechin - pharmacology
Cell Proliferation
Cucurbitacins - pharmacology
Curcumin - pharmacology
Disease Models, Animal
epigenetics
Humans
indoleamine 2
indoleamine 2, 3‐dioxygenase (IDO)
Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase - metabolism
JAK/STAT
Janus Kinases - metabolism
Neoplasms - drug therapy
Neoplasms - metabolism
phytochemicals
Phytochemicals - pharmacology
Resveratrol
Signal Transduction
STAT Transcription Factors - metabolism
Stilbenes - pharmacology
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Summary:Cancer remains a major health problem worldwide. Among many other factors, two regulatory defects that are present in most cancer cells are constitutive activation of Janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) signaling pathway and the induction of indoleamine 2, 3‐dioxygenase (IDO), an enzyme that catalyzes tryptophan degradation, through JAK/STAT signaling. Cytokine signaling activates STAT proteins in regulating cell proliferation, differentiation, and survival through modulation of target genes. Many phytochemicals can inhibit both JAK/STAT signaling and IDO expression in antigen‐presenting cells by targeting different pathways. Some of the promising phytochemicals that are discussed in this review include resveratrol, cucurbitacin, curcumin, (−)‐epigallocatechin gallate, and others. It is now evident that phytochemicals play key roles in inhibition of tumor proliferation and development and provide novel means for therapeutic targeting of cancer. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
ISSN:0951-418X
1099-1573
DOI:10.1002/ptr.5327