Emergence of Salmonella enteritidis Phage Type 4 in the Caribbean: Case-Control Study in Trinidad and Tobago, West Indies

A prospective case-control study involving 46 case patients and 92 age- and neighborhood-matched control subjects was conducted in Trinidad and Tobago (T&T) between March 1998 and May 1999 to determine the etiology, sources, and risk factors for Salmonella enteritidis (SE) infection. SE infectio...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:Clinical infectious diseases 2001-03, Vol.32 (6), p.890-896
Main Authors: Indar-Harrinauth, Lisa, Daniels, Nicholas, Prabhakar, Parimi, Brown, Clive, Baccus-Taylor, Gail, Comissiong, Edward, Hospedales, James
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adolescent
Adult
Bacterial diseases
Bacterial diseases of the digestive system and abdomen
Bacteriophages
Biological and medical sciences
Case control studies
Child
Child, Preschool
Diseases
Eggs
Epidemiology
Female
Food
Foodborne illnesses
Human bacterial diseases
Humans
Infant
Infections
Infectious diseases
Major Article
Male
Medical sciences
Middle Aged
Multivariate Analysis
Predisposing factors
Prospective Studies
Raw eggs
Risk Factors
Salmonella enteritidis
Salmonella enteritidis - classification
Salmonella enteritidis - isolation & purification
Salmonella Food Poisoning - epidemiology
Salmonella Food Poisoning - etiology
Salmonella Food Poisoning - microbiology
Trinidad and Tobago
Trinidad and Tobago - epidemiology
Tropical medicine
Citations: Items that this one cites
Items that cite this one
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:A prospective case-control study involving 46 case patients and 92 age- and neighborhood-matched control subjects was conducted in Trinidad and Tobago (T&T) between March 1998 and May 1999 to determine the etiology, sources, and risk factors for Salmonella enteritidis (SE) infection. SE infection in T&T was found to be associated with the consumption of shell eggs, and in particular raw or undercooked eggs. SE isolates from 30 (88%) of 34 patients and from 9 implicated egg or egg-containing food samples were phage type 4. Homemade eggnog and ice cream, cake batter, and egg-containing beverages were the main raw egg-containing foods, reflecting the cultural practices of the people of T&T. Public health education on the risks of eating raw or undercooked eggs, thorough cooking of all egg dishes, and refrigeration of shell eggs and egg dishes; studies tracing infected eggs to their sources; and testing of flocks of layer chickens for SE are needed to reduce the incidence of this infection.
ISSN:1058-4838
1537-6591
DOI:10.1086/319344