Development of green pultruded composites using kenaf fibre: influence of linear mass density on weathering performance

• Published in: Journal of cleaner production 2016-07, Vol.125, p.320-330
• Main Authors: Zamri, M.H., Osman, M.R., Akil, H.M., Shahidan, M.H.A., Mohd Ishak, Z.A.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Compressive properties; Degradation; Density; Environmental degradation; Exposure; Fiber composites; Fibre; Kenaf; Kenaf yarn; Mechanical testing; Natural fibres; Polymer matrix composites; Pultrusion; Reinforcement
• ISSN: 0959-6526; 1879-1786
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.03.026

The use of glass fibre in the production of fibre reinforced polymer composites industries is no longer acceptable as far as environmental pollution is concern. Therefore, the introduction of kenaf fibre as reinforcement materials in the production of composites is expected to lessen the use of current synthetic materials especially glass fibre. This research reported the performance of pultruded kenaf fibre reinforced composites after exposed to natural weathering condition up to 200 days. Three different linear mass density (Tex) of kenaf yarn fibre i.e. 1400, 2200 and 3300 g/km were used as reinforcement material in producing the pultruded composite samples. Moisture content of each composites was recorded over exposure time and the changes of mechanical properties i.e. flexural and compression properties were also recorded. It was found that sample made of 3300 linear mass density recorded higher moisture absorption as compared to sample with 1400 linear mass density. The flexural and compression properties consistently decreased throughout the exposure period as the absorption of moisture into the composites had weakened the interfacial bonding between the kenaf fibre and the matrix resin. The research outcomes show that for a given yarn architecture, lower linear mass density of fibre gives better moisture resistance and retain greater mechanical properties over the period of exposure. This study suggests that linear mass density is an important factor to be considered when pultrusion process in concern. •Production of kenaf fiber reinforced composite by pultrusion technique was explained.•Kenaf yarn tex number vary the properties of kenaf fiber reinforced composites.•Effect of natural weathering exposure to kenaf composites samples was discussed.•Smaller kenaf yarn tex (tex 1400 m/kg) give better properties of samples.•Environment attack on sample caused reduction of properties for all samples.