Control of microbial fuel cell voltage using a gain scheduling control strategy

Recent microbial fuel cell (MFC) research frequently addresses matters associated with scale and deployability. Modularisation is often needed to reduce ohmic losses with increasing volume. Series/parallel is then often an obvious strategy to enhance power quality during operation, to make best use...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of power sources 2016-08, Vol.322, p.106-115
Main Authors: Boghani, Hitesh C., Michie, Iain, Dinsdale, Richard M., Guwy, Alan J., Premier, Giuliano C.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Arrays
Biochemical fuel cells
Controllers
Digital
Disturbance rejection
Electric potential
Electric power generation
Gain scheduling
Microbial fuel cells
Strategy
Voltage
Voltage control
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Summary:Recent microbial fuel cell (MFC) research frequently addresses matters associated with scale and deployability. Modularisation is often needed to reduce ohmic losses with increasing volume. Series/parallel is then often an obvious strategy to enhance power quality during operation, to make best use of generated electricity. Hence, voltage reversal resulting from power and voltage mismatch between cells become virtually unavoidable. Control MFC voltages could be used to stabilise MFC stacks. Here, nonlinear MFCs are controlled using simple gain scheduled Proportional + Integral actions. Parsimonious control may be necessary for implementation in MFC arrays, so minimising costs. Controller parameterisation used several linearised models over the dynamic operating range of the MFCs. Controller gains were then scheduled according to the operating conditions. A digital potentiometer was used to actuate the control, varying the current sourced from the MFC. The results show that the controller was able to control MFC voltages, rejecting the disturbances. It was shown that the controller was transferable between MFCs with different power performances. This study demonstrates that the control of MFCs can be achieved with relatively simple digital approaches, plausibly implementable using low cost microcontrollers, and likely to be useful in the effective deployment of MFCs in large scale arrays. •Control of microbial fuel cell (MFC) voltage is demonstrated.•Gain scheduling allows control over the operating range.•Control is transferable between similar MFCs.•Control strategy is parsimonious and hence practical.
ISSN:0378-7753
1873-2755
DOI:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2016.05.017