Synthesis and utilization of non-metallic detergent/dispersant and antioxidant additives for lubricating engine oil

• Published in: Tribology international 2016-01, Vol.93 (Part A), p.297-305
• Main Authors: Nassar, Amal M., Ahmed, Nehal S., Abdel-Hameed, Hamdy S., El-Kafrawy, Ahmed F.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Additives; Antioxidants; Ashless detergents and dispersants; Detergents; Dispersants; Fourier transforms; Infrared spectroscopy; Lubricating oil additives; Lubrication; Nuclear magnetic resonance; Propylene oxide
• ISSN: 0301-679X; 1879-2464
• DOI: 10.1016/j.triboint.2015.08.033

In the present work, different ashless detergent/dispersant additives based on propylene oxide (PO) were prepared via reaction of propylene oxide with different tertiary amines and the products which obtained were reacted with different organic acids. The structures of the prepared compounds were confirmed using fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) and gel permeation chromatography (GPC) for determination of molecular weight. All the prepared compounds were found to be soluble in lubricating oil. The efficiency of the prepared compounds as antioxidants and detergent/dispersant additives for lubricating oil was investigated. It was found that the additives have excellent power of dispersion, detergency and the most efficient additives as antioxidant those prepared by using n,n-dimethyloctadecylamine and di-n-butyl dithio phosphoric acid. •Synthesis of propoxylated amines using different tertiary amines, then the products which were obtained react with different organic acids.•The structures of the prepared compounds were confirmed by (FT-IR), (GPC) and (1H NMR).•All the prepared compounds are soluble in lubricating oil (SAE 30).•The efficiency of the prepared compounds as lube oil additives (antioxidants and detergents/dispersants) was studied. It was found that all the prepared additives have excellent power of dispersion and detergency.•It was found that the efficiency of the prepared compounds as antioxidants increases with decreasing the number of OH group and by using of di-n-butyldithiophosphoric acid as presence of sulfur which have large capacity to scavenge radicals through the formation of disulfide linkages.•It was found that the prepared additive C3 have synergistic effect with zinc dialkyldithiophosphate and increase it’s efficiency as antioxidants.