Metabolite Profiling of the Response of Burdock Roots to Copper Stress

Arctium lappa L. (Asteraceae), also known as burdock, has a long history of cultivation as a dietary vegetable worldwide. Stress in plants disrupts metabolic homeostasis and requires adjustment of metabolic pathways. Exposure to heavy metals is one of the most prevalent environmental stresses encoun...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2015-02, Vol.63 (4), p.1309-1317
Main Authors: Jung, Youngae, Ha, Miyoung, Lee, Jueun, Ahn, Yun Gyong, Kwak, Jong Hwan, Ryu, Do Hyun, Hwang, Geum-Sook
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
analysis of variance
Arctium lappa
biochemical pathways
copper
gas chromatography-mass spectrometry
growth retardation
heavy metals
homeostasis
linoleic acid
metabolites
metabolomics
nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
phenols
principal component analysis
roots
sterols
vegetables
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Summary:Arctium lappa L. (Asteraceae), also known as burdock, has a long history of cultivation as a dietary vegetable worldwide. Stress in plants disrupts metabolic homeostasis and requires adjustment of metabolic pathways. Exposure to heavy metals is one of the most prevalent environmental stresses encountered by plants. In this study, metabolite profiling based on 1H NMR and GC–MS was used to obtain a holistic view of the response of burdock roots to copper stress. The principal component analysis model generated from the NMR data showed significant separation between groups. Copper-treated burdock roots were characterized by increased levels of phenols and decreased levels of primary metabolites. These results suggest that copper stress leads to activation of the phenylpropanoid pathway and growth inhibition. GC–MS analyses revealed increased levels of unsaturated fatty acids and decreased levels of sterols in the copper-treated group. Changes in metabolite concentrations were analyzed by UPLC/QTRAP–MS, and the significances were confirmed by two-way analysis of variance and Bonferroni’s test. Interestingly, linoleic acid was increased about 2.7-fold, from 316 ± 64.5 to 855 ± 111 ppm, in the group treated with copper for 6 days. This study demonstrates that metabolomic profiling is an effective analytical approach to understanding the metabolic pathway(s) associated with copper stress in burdock roots.
ISSN:0021-8561
1520-5118
DOI:10.1021/jf503193c