Nutritional and metabolic implications of replacing cornstarch with D-xylose in broiler chickens fed corn and soybean meal-based diet

• Published in: Poultry science 2017-02, Vol.96 (2), p.388-396
• Main Authors: Regassa, A, Kiarie, E, Sands, J S, Walsh, M C, Kim, W K, Nyachoti, C M
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Animal Feed - analysis; Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena - drug effects; Animals; Avian Proteins - genetics; Avian Proteins - metabolism; Blood Chemical Analysis - veterinary; Chickens - genetics; Chickens - growth & development; Chickens - physiology; Diet - veterinary; Glucose - metabolism; Lipid Metabolism; Liver - enzymology; Liver - metabolism; Male; Random Allocation; Starch - metabolism; Transcription Factors - genetics; Transcription Factors - metabolism; Xylose - metabolism
• ISSN: 0032-5791; 1525-3171
• DOI: 10.3382/ps/pew235

Effects of substituting cornstarch with D-xylose on growth performance, nutrients digestibility, serum metabolites, and expression of select hepatic genes involved in glucose and lipid metabolism were investigated in broiler chickens. A total of 360 one-day-old male Ross chicks were fed 3 diets (n = 24; 5 chicks/cage) for 21 days. A control corn-soybean meal-based diet with 25% cornstarch was formulated to meet specifications. Two additional diets were formulated by substituting cornstarch with 5 or 15% D-xylose w/w. Growth performance and digestibility by index method were determined in 12 replicate cages. Birds in these replicates had free access to feed and water, the BW and feed intake (FI) were monitored weekly and the excreta samples were collected on d 18 to 20. The other 12 replicates were used for blood and liver sampling by serial slaughter. On d 18, baseline (t0) birds were sampled following a 12 h overnight fasting and birds allowed 30 min access to the feed; samples were subsequently taken at 60, 120, 180, 240, and 300 min post feeding. Serum metabolites (glucose, xylose, and insulin) were assayed at all time points, whereas expression of hepatic transcripts was evaluated at zero, 180 and 300 min. Xylose linearly reduced (P