The human gut microbiota and its interactive connections to diet

The microbiota of the gastrointestinal tract plays an important role in human health. In addition to their metabolic interactions with dietary constituents, gut bacteria may also be involved in more complex host interactions, such as modulation of the immune system. Furthermore, the composition of t...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of human nutrition and dietetics 2016-10, Vol.29 (5), p.539-546
Main Authors: Milani, C., Ferrario, C., Turroni, F., Duranti, S., Mangifesta, M., van Sinderen, D., Ventura, M.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Autoimmune Diseases - etiology
Autoimmune Diseases - immunology
Autoimmune Diseases - microbiology
Autoimmune Diseases - prevention & control
Bile Acids and Salts - metabolism
diet
Diet, Western - adverse effects
Dysbiosis - etiology
Dysbiosis - immunology
Dysbiosis - microbiology
Dysbiosis - physiopathology
Fatty Acids, Volatile - metabolism
Fermentation
Gastrointestinal Diseases - etiology
Gastrointestinal Diseases - immunology
Gastrointestinal Diseases - microbiology
Gastrointestinal Diseases - prevention & control
Gastrointestinal Microbiome - immunology
Gastrointestinal Microbiome - physiology
Healthy Diet
Host-Parasite Interactions
Humans
Hypersensitivity - etiology
Hypersensitivity - immunology
Hypersensitivity - microbiology
Hypersensitivity - prevention & control
Immunity, Innate
Methylamines - metabolism
microbiota microbiome
Obesity - etiology
Obesity - immunology
Obesity - microbiology
Obesity - prevention & control
prebiotics
probiotics
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Description
Summary:The microbiota of the gastrointestinal tract plays an important role in human health. In addition to their metabolic interactions with dietary constituents, gut bacteria may also be involved in more complex host interactions, such as modulation of the immune system. Furthermore, the composition of the gut microbiota may be important in reducing the risk of contracting particular gut infections. Changes in the microbiota during an individual's lifespan are accompanied by modifications in multiple health parameters, and such observations have prompted intense scientific efforts aiming to understand the complex interactions between the microbiota and its human host, as well as how this may be influenced by diet.
ISSN:0952-3871
1365-277X
DOI:10.1111/jhn.12371