Primary rhabdomyosarcoma of the distal femoral diaphysis: a case report and review of the literature

Primary rhabdomyosarcoma of the bone is an extremely rare condition with few examples reported in the literature. We present the case of a 34-year-old male who presented with a lesion in the distal femur with initial imaging features consistent with Ewing sarcoma. Histologically, the lesion consiste...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Skeletal radiology 2016-10, Vol.45 (10), p.1391-1395
Main Authors: Bressner, Jarred A., McCarthy, Edward F., Fayad, Laura M., Morris, Carol D.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Care and treatment
Case Report
Diagnosis, Differential
Diaphyses - diagnostic imaging
Diaphyses - pathology
Femoral Neoplasms - diagnostic imaging
Femoral Neoplasms - pathology
Humans
Imaging
Male
Medical research
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Medicine, Experimental
Nuclear Medicine
Orthopedics
Pathology
Radiology
Rare Diseases - diagnostic imaging
Rare Diseases - pathology
Rhabdomyosarcoma - diagnosis
Rhabdomyosarcoma - diagnostic imaging
Rhabdomyosarcoma - pathology
Sarcoma
Sarcoma, Ewing - diagnosis
Sarcoma, Ewing - pathology
Vincristine
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Summary:Primary rhabdomyosarcoma of the bone is an extremely rare condition with few examples reported in the literature. We present the case of a 34-year-old male who presented with a lesion in the distal femur with initial imaging features consistent with Ewing sarcoma. Histologically, the lesion consisted of atypical pleomorphic polygonal rhabdomyoblasts demonstrating focal desmin and myogenin expression. A diagnosis of pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma was rendered. Despite systemic treatment and surgery, this patient experienced a rapidly progressive disease course. We believe this is only the second report in the orthopedic literature of a case of primary pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma of the bone. The key imaging, pathologic, and clinical findings are discussed.
ISSN:0364-2348
1432-2161
DOI:10.1007/s00256-016-2430-7