Serum phospholipid omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes mellitus and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

• Published in: Journal of diabetes and its complications 2014-09, Vol.28 (5), p.711-714
• Main Authors: Lou, Da-jun, Zhu, Qi-qian, Si, Xu-wei, Guan, Li-li, You, Qiao-ying, Yu, Zhong-ming, Zhang, Ai-zhen, Li, Duo
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Aged; Case-Control Studies; Cholesterol; Diabetes mellitus, type 2; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - blood; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - complications; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - metabolism; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Fatty acids; Fatty Acids, Omega-3 - blood; Fatty acids, unsaturated; Fatty liver, non-alcoholic; Female; Humans; Insulin Resistance; Male; Middle Aged; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease - blood; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease - complications; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease - metabolism; Phospholipids; Phospholipids - blood; Studies
• ISSN: 1056-8727; 1873-460X
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2014.04.008

Abstract Aims To investigate the relationship between serum phospholipid omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 PUFAs) and insulin resistance (IR) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Methods 51 patients with T2DM and NAFLD (T2DM + NAFLD group), 50 with T2DM alone (T2DM group), 45 with NAFLD alone (NAFLD group), and 42 healthy control subjects (NC group) were studied. Serum ω-3 PUFA profiles were analyzed by gas chromatography, and alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), γ-glutamyltransferase (GGT), and serum lipid concentrations were measured. Insulin resistance was assessed by the homeostasis model assessment method (HOMA-IR). Results HOMA-IR levels were higher in the T2DM + NAFLD group than in the T2DM, NAFLD and NC groups (p < 0.05), as were ALT, AST, GGT, total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and triglyceride (TG) concentrations (p < 0.05). Conversely, serum ω-3 PUFA levels were significantly lower in the T2DM + NAFLD group than in the other groups (p < 0.05). The ω-3 PUFA level was negatively correlated with HOMA-IR, TC, LDL-C and TG. Conclusions Serum phospholipid ω-3 PUFA levels were significantly decreased in patients with T2DM and NAFLD, and were negatively related with insulin resistance. Thus, reduced ω-3 PUFAs may play an important role in the development of T2DM and NAFLD.