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Population biology of the European woodwasp, Sirex noctilio, in Galicia, Spain
Sirex noctilio Fabricius (Hymenoptera, Siricidae) is rare and rarely studied where it is native in Eurasia, but is a widespread pest of pines in the Southern Hemisphere. Here we report on the abundance, basic biology, host use patterns and natural enemies of native S. noctilio in Galicia, Spain. Mos...
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Published in: | Bulletin of entomological research 2016-10, Vol.106 (5), p.569-580 |
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description | Sirex noctilio Fabricius (Hymenoptera, Siricidae) is rare and rarely studied where it is native in Eurasia, but is a widespread pest of pines in the Southern Hemisphere. Here we report on the abundance, basic biology, host use patterns and natural enemies of native S. noctilio in Galicia, Spain. Most trees attacked by S. noctilio failed to produce any adult progeny: >90% of emergences came from |
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Here we report on the abundance, basic biology, host use patterns and natural enemies of native S. noctilio in Galicia, Spain. Most trees attacked by S. noctilio failed to produce any adult progeny: >90% of emergences came from <20% of the attacked trees. The highest reproduction was in Pinus pinaster, followed by Pinus sylvestris and Pinus radiata. The proportions of S. noctilio requiring 1, 2 or 3 years for development were 0.72: 0.24: 0.04. Delayed development could be an adaptation to avoid parasitic nematodes, which sterilized 41.5% adults with one year generation time but only 19% of adults with 2 years generation time. Hymenoptera parasitoids accounted for 20% mortality. Sex ratios were male biased at 1: 2.9. Body size and fecundity were highly variable and lower than previously reported from the Southern Hemisphere. On attacked trees, there were 5–20 attacks per standard log (18 dm2), with usually 1–3 drills per attack. Attack densities and drills per attack were higher in trees that subsequently died. The production of S. noctilio per log was positively related to total attacks, and negatively related to: (1) attack density, (2) incidence of blue stain from Ophiostoma fungi and (3) frequency of lesions in plant tissue around points of attack. A preliminary life table for S. noctilio in Galicia estimated effects on potential population growth rate from (in decreasing order of importance) host suitability, unequal sex ratio, parasitic nematodes and Hymenoptera parasitoids.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0007-4853</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1475-2670</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1017/S0007485316000043</identifier><identifier>PMID: 26907681</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press</publisher><subject>Animal populations ; Animals ; Biology ; Body Size ; Entomology ; Fecundity ; Female ; Hymenoptera ; Insects ; Larva - growth & development ; Larva - physiology ; Linear Models ; Male ; Nematoda ; Noctilio ; Ophiostoma ; Pest Control ; Pine trees ; Pinus ; Pinus pinaster ; Pinus radiata ; Pinus sylvestris ; Plant tissues ; Population biology ; Population Dynamics ; Population growth ; Reproduction ; Research Papers ; Sex Ratio ; Sirex ; Siricidae ; Spain ; Wasps - growth & development ; Wasps - parasitology ; Wasps - physiology</subject><ispartof>Bulletin of entomological research, 2016-10, Vol.106 (5), p.569-580</ispartof><rights>Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2016</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c406t-6367ddc1c94aad3e98ec77b520adf7a2dbc5918b1a808ddc5d57799cf57d55d93</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c406t-6367ddc1c94aad3e98ec77b520adf7a2dbc5918b1a808ddc5d57799cf57d55d93</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0007485316000043/type/journal_article$$EHTML$$P50$$Gcambridge$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925,72960</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26907681$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Lombardero, M.J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ayres, M.P.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Krivak-Tetley, F.E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fitza, K.N.E.</creatorcontrib><title>Population biology of the European woodwasp, Sirex noctilio, in Galicia, Spain</title><title>Bulletin of entomological research</title><addtitle>Bull. Entomol. Res</addtitle><description>Sirex noctilio Fabricius (Hymenoptera, Siricidae) is rare and rarely studied where it is native in Eurasia, but is a widespread pest of pines in the Southern Hemisphere. Here we report on the abundance, basic biology, host use patterns and natural enemies of native S. noctilio in Galicia, Spain. Most trees attacked by S. noctilio failed to produce any adult progeny: >90% of emergences came from <20% of the attacked trees. The highest reproduction was in Pinus pinaster, followed by Pinus sylvestris and Pinus radiata. The proportions of S. noctilio requiring 1, 2 or 3 years for development were 0.72: 0.24: 0.04. Delayed development could be an adaptation to avoid parasitic nematodes, which sterilized 41.5% adults with one year generation time but only 19% of adults with 2 years generation time. Hymenoptera parasitoids accounted for 20% mortality. Sex ratios were male biased at 1: 2.9. 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Entomol. Res</addtitle><date>2016-10-01</date><risdate>2016</risdate><volume>106</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>569</spage><epage>580</epage><pages>569-580</pages><issn>0007-4853</issn><eissn>1475-2670</eissn><abstract>Sirex noctilio Fabricius (Hymenoptera, Siricidae) is rare and rarely studied where it is native in Eurasia, but is a widespread pest of pines in the Southern Hemisphere. Here we report on the abundance, basic biology, host use patterns and natural enemies of native S. noctilio in Galicia, Spain. Most trees attacked by S. noctilio failed to produce any adult progeny: >90% of emergences came from <20% of the attacked trees. The highest reproduction was in Pinus pinaster, followed by Pinus sylvestris and Pinus radiata. The proportions of S. noctilio requiring 1, 2 or 3 years for development were 0.72: 0.24: 0.04. Delayed development could be an adaptation to avoid parasitic nematodes, which sterilized 41.5% adults with one year generation time but only 19% of adults with 2 years generation time. Hymenoptera parasitoids accounted for 20% mortality. Sex ratios were male biased at 1: 2.9. Body size and fecundity were highly variable and lower than previously reported from the Southern Hemisphere. On attacked trees, there were 5–20 attacks per standard log (18 dm2), with usually 1–3 drills per attack. Attack densities and drills per attack were higher in trees that subsequently died. The production of S. noctilio per log was positively related to total attacks, and negatively related to: (1) attack density, (2) incidence of blue stain from Ophiostoma fungi and (3) frequency of lesions in plant tissue around points of attack. A preliminary life table for S. noctilio in Galicia estimated effects on potential population growth rate from (in decreasing order of importance) host suitability, unequal sex ratio, parasitic nematodes and Hymenoptera parasitoids.</abstract><cop>Cambridge, UK</cop><pub>Cambridge University Press</pub><pmid>26907681</pmid><doi>10.1017/S0007485316000043</doi><tpages>12</tpages></addata></record> |
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subjects | Animal populations Animals Biology Body Size Entomology Fecundity Female Hymenoptera Insects Larva - growth & development Larva - physiology Linear Models Male Nematoda Noctilio Ophiostoma Pest Control Pine trees Pinus Pinus pinaster Pinus radiata Pinus sylvestris Plant tissues Population biology Population Dynamics Population growth Reproduction Research Papers Sex Ratio Sirex Siricidae Spain Wasps - growth & development Wasps - parasitology Wasps - physiology |
title | Population biology of the European woodwasp, Sirex noctilio, in Galicia, Spain |
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