Environmental Isolation of Circulating Vaccine-Derived Poliovirus After Interruption of Wild Poliovirus Transmission — Nigeria, 2016

In September 2015, more than 1 year after reporting its last wild poliovirus (WPV) case in July 2014 (1), Nigeria was removed from the list of countries with endemic poliovirus transmission,* leaving Afghanistan and Pakistan as the only remaining countries with endemic WPV. However, on April 29, 201...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report 2016-08, Vol.65 (30), p.770-773
Main Authors: Etsano, Andrew, Damisa, Eunice, Shuaib, Faisal, wa Nganda, Gatei, Enemaku, Ogu, Usman, Samuel, Adeniji, Adekunle, Jorba, Jaume, Iber, Jane, Ohuabunwo, Chima, Nnadi, Chimeremma, Wiesen, Eric
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Child, Preschool
Disease Outbreaks - prevention & control
Environmental Microbiology
Humans
Infant
Mass Vaccination
Nigeria - epidemiology
Paralysis
Poliomyelitis - epidemiology
Poliomyelitis - prevention & control
Poliomyelitis - transmission
Poliovirus
Poliovirus - classification
Poliovirus - isolation & purification
Poliovirus Vaccine, Oral - administration & dosage
Poliovirus Vaccine, Oral - adverse effects
Safety and security measures
Sewage - virology
Vaccines
Vaccines, Attenuated - administration & dosage
Vaccines, Attenuated - adverse effects
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Summary:In September 2015, more than 1 year after reporting its last wild poliovirus (WPV) case in July 2014 (1), Nigeria was removed from the list of countries with endemic poliovirus transmission,* leaving Afghanistan and Pakistan as the only remaining countries with endemic WPV. However, on April 29, 2016, a laboratory-confirmed, circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus type 2 (cVDPV2) isolate was reported from an environmental sample collected in March from a sewage effluent site in Maiduguri Municipal Council, Borno State, a security-compromised area in northeastern Nigeria. VDPVs are genetic variants of the vaccine viruses with the potential to cause paralysis and can circulate in areas with low population immunity. The Nigeria National Polio Emergency Operations Center initiated emergency response activities, including administration of at least 2 doses of oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) to all children aged
ISSN:0149-2195
1545-861X
DOI:10.15585/mmwr.mm6530a4