Application of the popliteal lymph node assay in immunotoxicity testing: complementation of the direct popliteal lymph node assay with flow cytometric analyses

The popliteal lymph node assay (PLNA) has been proposed to measure the immunosensitizing potential of chemicals. The direct PLNA detects an immunomodulating effect but does not give insight into the mode of action of the chemical under test. Modifications of this test have been proposed, but they ar...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Toxicology (Amsterdam) 2002-03, Vol.172 (1), p.35-48
Main Authors: Tuschl, Helga, Landsteiner, Harald T., Kovac, Rozika
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Allergens - toxicity
Allergic diseases
Animals
Anti-Bacterial Agents - toxicity
Antibodies, Monoclonal
Biological and medical sciences
Biological Assay
Biomarkers
Cell Count
Cell Division - drug effects
Cytokines
Cytokines - biosynthesis
Flow Cytometry
Hydrazines - toxicity
Immunopathology
Immunotoxicity
Lymph Nodes - immunology
Lymphocyte subpopulations
Lymphocyte Subsets - drug effects
Lymphocyte Subsets - immunology
Male
Medical sciences
Mercuric Chloride - toxicity
Mice
Popliteal lymph node assay
Skin allergic diseases. Stinging insect allergies
Streptozocin - toxicity
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Summary:The popliteal lymph node assay (PLNA) has been proposed to measure the immunosensitizing potential of chemicals. The direct PLNA detects an immunomodulating effect but does not give insight into the mode of action of the chemical under test. Modifications of this test have been proposed, but they are difficult to perform in routine toxicity testing and require many animals. In the present investigation the direct PLNA was extended with the flow cytometric determinations of: (a) lymphoblasts; (b) the phenotyping of lymphoid subpopulations; (c) the determination of expression of proliferation/activation markers CD25, CD69 and CD62L/CD44 and (d) the analysis of intracellular cytokines interferon gamma, interleukin 2 and interleukin 4. Streptozotocin, hydrazine, HgCl 2 and trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid were used as model chemicals. The different mode of action of these substances was well documented by the techniques applied. As the proposed flow cytometric methods can easily be performed and do not require additional test animals this complementation of the direct PLNA seems a promising approach in immunotoxicity testing.
ISSN:0300-483X
1879-3185
DOI:10.1016/S0300-483X(01)00583-2