Presence/absence of a keystone species as an indicator of rangeland health

• Published in: Journal of arid environments 2002-03, Vol.50 (3), p.513-519
• Main Authors: Krogh, Sonya N, Zeisset, Michelle S, Jackson, Erik, Whitford, Walter G
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Animal, plant and microbial ecology; Applied ecology; banner-tailed kangaroo rat; Biological and medical sciences; Chihuahuan Desert; Conservation, protection and management of environment and wildlife; degradation threshold; desertification; Dipodomys; Dipodomys spectabilis; ecosystems; Environmental degradation: ecosystems survey and restoration; environmental indicators; extinction; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; grasslands; indicator species; keystone species; monitoring; rangelands; rats; shrubs; soil; vegetation cover
• ISSN: 0140-1963; 1095-922X
• DOI: 10.1006/jare.2001.0900

We examined the relationship between a Chihuahuan Desert grassland keystone species (banner tailed kangaroo rat, Dipodomys spectabilis) and several vegetation and soil indicators of rangeland health in order to define a threshold indicator value for irreversible change in ecosystem structure and function. The abundance of occupied and/or abandoned D. spectabilis burrow-mounds was assessed at 117 sites in south-central New Mexico where previous studies had reported vegetation cover and composition. The most robust indicator for presence/absence of D. spectabilis was shrub cover. D. spectabilis did not occur at sites with shrub cover >20%. It was concluded that a threshold value of 20% shrub cover could be applied to assessment and monitoring of Chihuahuan Desert rangelands because higher shrub cover results in the local extinction of this keystone species. The combination of data on the presence/absence of a keystone species with vegetation and soil indicators provides a method for identifying thresholds of degradation that may be irreversible.