Clausenidin from Clausena excavata induces apoptosis in hepG2 cells via the mitochondrial pathway

Clausena excavata Burm.f. is used locally in folk medicine for the treatment of cancer in South East Asia. To determine the mechanism of action of pure clausenidin crystals in the induction of hepatocellular carcinoma (hepG2) cells apoptosis. Pure clausenidin was isolated from Clausena excavata Burm...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of ethnopharmacology 2016-12, Vol.194, p.549-558
Main Authors: Waziri, Peter M., Abdullah, Rasedee, Yeap, Swee Keong, Omar, Abdul Rahman, Abdul, Ahmad Bustamam, Kassim, Nur Kartinee, Malami, Ibrahim, Karunakaran, Thiruventhan, Imam, Mustapha Umar
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Apoptosis
Apoptosis - drug effects
Bax
Bcl 2
Caspase 3 - metabolism
Caspase 9 - metabolism
Clausena - chemistry
Clausenidin
Gene Expression
Hep G2 Cells
Humans
Liver cancer
Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial - drug effects
Microscopy, Electron, Scanning
Mitochondria - drug effects
Mitochondria - metabolism
MMP
Plant Extracts - pharmacology
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Summary:Clausena excavata Burm.f. is used locally in folk medicine for the treatment of cancer in South East Asia. To determine the mechanism of action of pure clausenidin crystals in the induction of hepatocellular carcinoma (hepG2) cells apoptosis. Pure clausenidin was isolated from Clausena excavata Burm.f. and characterized using 1H and 13C NMR spectra. Clausenidin-induced cytotoxicity was determined by MTT assay. The morphology of hepG2 after treatment with clausenidin was determined by fluorescence and Scanning Electron Microscopy. The effect of clausenidin on the apoptotic genes and proteins were determined by real-time qPCR and protein array profiling, respectively. The involvement of the mitochondria in clausenidin-induced apoptosis was investigated using MMP, caspase 3 and 9 assays. Clausenidin induced significant (p
ISSN:0378-8741
1872-7573
DOI:10.1016/j.jep.2016.10.030