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Effect of iron ions (Fe2+, Fe3+) on the formation and structure of aerobic granular sludge
Aerobic granulation is a promising technology for wastewater treatment, but problems regarding its formation and stability need to be solved. Divalent metal ions, especially Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ and Mn 2+ , have been demonstrated to play an important role in the process of aerobic granulation. Here, we stu...
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Published in: | Biodegradation (Dordrecht) 2017-02, Vol.28 (1), p.53-68 |
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Main Authors: | , , |
Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Subjects: | |
Citations: | Items that this one cites Items that cite this one |
Online Access: | Get full text |
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Summary: | Aerobic granulation is a promising technology for wastewater treatment, but problems regarding its formation and stability need to be solved. Divalent metal ions, especially Ca
2+
, Mg
2+
and Mn
2+
, have been demonstrated to play an important role in the process of aerobic granulation. Here, we studied whether iron ions can affect aerobic granulation. Granular sludge formed without iron ion addition ( |
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ISSN: | 0923-9820 1572-9729 |
DOI: | 10.1007/s10532-016-9777-2 |