Subinhibitory concentrations of phloretin repress the virulence of Salmonella typhimurium and protect against Salmonella typhimurium infection

Phloretin, a natural component of many fruits, exhibits anti-virulence effects and provides a new alternative to counter bacterial infection. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of subinhibitory concentrations of phloretin on the virulence of Salmonella typhimurium . At concentrations...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 2016-11, Vol.109 (11), p.1503-1512
Main Authors: Shuai-Cheng, Wu, Ben-Dong, Fu, Xiu-Ling, Chu, Jian-Qing, Su, Yun-Xing, Fu, Zhen-Qiang, Cui, Dao-Xiu, Xu, Zong-Mei, Wu
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Bacteria
Bacterial diseases
Biofilms
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Flagella - genetics
Gene Expression - drug effects
Infections
Life Sciences
Medical Microbiology
Mice, Inbred ICR
Microbiology
Original Paper
Pathogens
Phloretin - pharmacology
Plant Sciences
Salmonella
Salmonella Infections, Animal - prevention & control
Salmonella typhimurium
Salmonella typhimurium - drug effects
Salmonella typhimurium - genetics
Salmonella typhimurium - growth & development
Soil Science & Conservation
Virulence - drug effects
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Summary:Phloretin, a natural component of many fruits, exhibits anti-virulence effects and provides a new alternative to counter bacterial infection. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of subinhibitory concentrations of phloretin on the virulence of Salmonella typhimurium . At concentrations where growth of Salmonella was not inhibited, phloretin significantly inhibited bacteria biofilm formation and motility. Subinhibitory concentrations of phloretin repressed eight genes involved in the Salmonella pathogenicity island 1 and 3 genes involved in flagella production. Furthermore, subinhibitory concentrations of phloretin inhibited the adhesion and invasion of Salmonella in IEC-6 cells and reduced the LDH levels of S. typhimurium -infected IEC-6 cells. Additionally, phloretin significantly decreased the cecum bacterial loads of the mice infected with live S. typhimurium containing subinhibitory concentrations of phloretin by gavage. These results suggested that subinhibitory concentrations of phloretin attenuate the virulence of S. typhimurium and protect against S. typhimurium infection.
ISSN:0003-6072
1572-9699
DOI:10.1007/s10482-016-0752-z