Antioxidant Effect of Taurine Against Lead-Induced Oxidative Stress

• Published in: Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology 2001-11, Vol.41 (4), p.397-402
• Main Authors: Gürer, H, Özgünes, H, Saygin, E, Ercal, N
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: animal ovaries; Animals; antioxidant activity; Antioxidants; Antioxidants - pharmacology; Biological and medical sciences; blood; catalase; cell viability; Chelating agents; Chelating Agents - pharmacology; Chemical and industrial products toxicology. Toxic occupational diseases; Chinese hamsters; CHO Cells; Cricetinae; Disease Models, Animal; glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase; glutathione; lead; lead acetate; Lead content; Lead poisoning; Lead Poisoning - drug therapy; lipid peroxidation; Male; Medical sciences; Metals and various inorganic compounds; Oxidative Stress; Peroxidation; Poisoning; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344; Rodents; taurine; Taurine - pharmacology; toxicity; Toxicology
• ISSN: 0090-4341; 1432-0703
• DOI: 10.1007/s002440010265

Oxidative stress is proposed as a molecular mechanism in lead toxicity, which suggests that antioxidants might play a role in the treatment of lead poisoning. The present study was designed to investigate whether taurine has a beneficial effect both on Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells and on Fisher 344 (F344) rats following lead exposure. Therefore, oxidative stress parameters (glutathione, malondialdehyde levels, catalase, and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase [G6PD] activities) of lead-exposed CHO cells and F344 rats were determined following taurine treatment. Taurine was found to be effective in (1) increasing glutathione levels that had been diminished by lead; (2) reducing malondialdehyde levels, an end-product of lipid peroxidation; (3) decreasing catalase and erythrocyte G6PD activity, which had been increased by lead exposure; and (4) improving cell survival of CHO cells. However, taurine had no effect on blood and tissue lead levels when 1.1 g/kg/day taurine was administered to F344 rats for 7 days, following 5 weeks of lead exposure (2,000 ppm lead acetate). As a result, taurine seems to be capable of fortifying cells against lead-induced oxidative attack without decreasing lead levels. Therefore, administration of taurine, accompanied by a chelating agent, might increase its effectiveness in the treatment of lead poisoning.