The Essential Role of Cited2, a Negative Regulator for HIF-1α, in Heart Development and Neurulation

Cited2 is a cAMP-responsive element-binding protein (CBP)/p300 interacting transcriptional modulator and a proposed negative regulator for hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α through its competitive binding with HIF-1α to CBP/p300. Disruption of the gene encoding Cited2 is embryonic lethal because of...

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Published in:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS 2002-08, Vol.99 (16), p.10488-10493
Main Authors: Yin, Zhan, Haynie, Jennifer, Yang, Xiaoming, Han, Baoguang, Kiatchoosakun, Songsak, Restivo, Joseph, Yuan, Saying, Prabhakar, Nanduri R., Herrup, Karl, Conlon, Ronald A., Hoit, Brian D., Watanabe, Michiko, Yang, Yu-Chung
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biological Sciences
Embryos
Genes
Heart
Hypoxia
Mice
Neural tube defects
Phenotypes
Regulator genes
RNA
Transcription factors
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Summary:Cited2 is a cAMP-responsive element-binding protein (CBP)/p300 interacting transcriptional modulator and a proposed negative regulator for hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α through its competitive binding with HIF-1α to CBP/p300. Disruption of the gene encoding Cited2 is embryonic lethal because of defects in the development of heart and neural tube. Morphological and Doppler echocardiographic analyses of Cited2-/-embryos reveal severe cardiovascular abnormalities, including pulmonic arterial stenosis and ventricular septal defects accompanied by high peak outflow velocities, features of the human congenital cardiac defect termed tetralogy of Fallot. The mRNA levels of several HIF-1α-responsive genes, such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), Glut1, and phosphoglycerate kinase 1, increased in the Cited2-/-hearts. The increase of VEGF levels is significant, because defects in the Cited2-/-embryos closely resemble the major defects observed in the VEGF transgenic embryos. Finally, compared with wild-type, cultured fibroblasts from Cited2-/-embryos demonstrate an enhanced expression of HIF-1α-responsive genes under hypoxic conditions. These observations suggest that functional loss of Cited2 is responsible for defects in heart and neural tube development, in part because of the modulation of HIF-1 transcriptional activities in the absence of Cited2. These findings demonstrate that Cited2 is an indispensable regulatory gene during prenatal development.
ISSN:0027-8424
1091-6490
DOI:10.1073/pnas.162371799