Pathogenic mechanisms of sand tampan toxicoses induced by the tick, Ornithodoros savignyi

The tick, Ornithodoros savignyi has been implicated in inducing paralysis and tampan toxicosis. In this study, a basic toxin (TSGP4) was identified and the presence of an acidic toxin (TSGP2) was confirmed. Both basic and acidic toxins were more lethal than previously described, with TSGP4 (34microg...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Toxicon (Oxford) 2002-07, Vol.40 (7), p.1007-1016
Main Authors: MANS, Ben J, STEINMANN, Christiaan M. L, VENTER, Jacobus D, LOUW, Abraham I, NEITZ, Albert W. H
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animal poisons toxicology. Antivenoms
Animals
Biological and medical sciences
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
In Vitro Techniques
Insect Proteins - chemistry
Insect Proteins - metabolism
Insect Proteins - toxicity
Male
Medical sciences
Mice
Myocardial Contraction - drug effects
Ornithodoros - pathogenicity
Ornithodoros - physiology
Rats
Rats, Sprague-Dawley
Salivary Glands - metabolism
Tick Infestations
Tick Paralysis - etiology
Tick Paralysis - physiopathology
Tissue Extracts - administration & dosage
Toxicology
Toxins, Biological - chemistry
Toxins, Biological - metabolism
Toxins, Biological - toxicity
Ventricular Dysfunction - chemically induced
Ventricular Dysfunction - physiopathology
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Summary:The tick, Ornithodoros savignyi has been implicated in inducing paralysis and tampan toxicosis. In this study, a basic toxin (TSGP4) was identified and the presence of an acidic toxin (TSGP2) was confirmed. Both basic and acidic toxins were more lethal than previously described, with TSGP4 (34microg) and TSGP2 (24microg) causing mortality of adult mice within 30min. Pathological effects on the cardiac system, notably of salivary gland extract on an isolated rat heart perfusion system and of purified toxins on mouse electrocardiogram patterns could be observed. TSGP4 caused Mobitz type ventricular block, while TSGP2 induced ventricular tachycardia. Conversely, fractions from reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography preparations caused paralysis-like symptoms of the limbs after only 48h. The toxins also differ from previously described tick paralysis toxins in terms of molecular behavior and properties. These results indicate that tampan toxicoses and tick paralysis are unrelated pathogenic phenomena.
ISSN:0041-0101
1879-3150
DOI:10.1016/s0041-0101(02)00098-3