Maternal exposure to high-fat and high-fructose diet evokes hypoadiponectinemia and kidney injury in rat offspring

• Published in: Clinical and experimental nephrology 2016-12, Vol.20 (6), p.853-861
• Main Authors: Yamada-Obara, Nana, Yamagishi, Sho-ichi, Taguchi, Kensei, Kaida, Yusuke, Yokoro, Miyuki, Nakayama, Yosuke, Ando, Ryotaro, Asanuma, Katsuhiko, Matsui, Takanori, Ueda, Seiji, Okuda, Seiya, Fukami, Kei
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adiponectin - deficiency; Albuminuria - urine; Animals; Blood Glucose - analysis; Diet, High-Fat - adverse effects; Extracellular Matrix - metabolism; Female; Fructose - administration & dosage; Kidney Diseases - etiology; Malondialdehyde - blood; Maternal Exposure - adverse effects; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Metabolism, Inborn Errors - etiology; Nephrology; Original Article; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Urology
• ISSN: 1342-1751; 1437-7799
• DOI: 10.1007/s10157-016-1265-9

Background Maternal exposure to overnutrition during fetal development contributes to metabolic and renal damage in offspring. Adiponectin plays a protective role against obesity-related renal injury. However, role of adiponectin in renal injury of offspring exposed to maternal overnutrition remains unknown. We addressed the issue. Methods Female Sprague–Dawley rats were fed either a standard (N) or a high-fat and high-fructose (HFF)-diet for 6 weeks before mating, and kept each diet during the gestation and lactation period. After 4 weeks postpartum, all the offspring were fed N diet, and followed by 12 weeks. Kidney weight, urinary albumin excretion, blood pressure, and blood chemistry, including adiponectin and malondialdehyde, a marker of oxidative stress, were evaluated in the offspring. Results Compared with N -offspring, serum adiponectin levels of 1-day- and 4-week-old HFF-offspring were significantly lower, the latter of which was inversely associated with malondialdehyde. Kidney weight was significantly decreased in 1-day-old HFF-offspring, whereas increased in 4-week-old HFF-offspring. Urinary albumin excretion levels of HFF-offspring at 8, 12, and 16-week old were significantly higher than those of N -offspring at the same age, whose levels at 16-week old were inversely correlated with plasma adiponectin. Compared with N -offspring, HFF-offspring at 16-week old exhibited glomerulosclerosis, hyperglycemia, and high mean blood pressure associated with reduced podocin and increased transforming growth factor-β1 expression in the kidneys. Conclusions Our present study suggests that exposure to maternal HFF-diet during fetal and early postnatal development induces hypoadiponectinemia in offspring, which might cause renal injury and metabolic derangements later in life.