Influence of Periodontal Disease on Changes of Glycated Hemoglobin Levels in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Retrospective Cohort Study

• Published in: Journal of periodontology (1970) 2017-01, Vol.88 (1), p.17-25
• Main Authors: Costa, Katia L., Taboza, Zuila A., Angelino, Gisele B., Silveira, Virginia R., Montenegro, Renan, Haas, Alex N., Rego, Rodrigo O.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adult; Aged; Dentistry; Diabetes mellitus, type 2; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - blood; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - complications; Disease Progression; Female; Glycated Hemoglobin A - metabolism; Humans; hyperglycemia; Male; Middle Aged; Periodontal Diseases - blood; Periodontal Diseases - complications; Periodontal Index; periodontitis; Retrospective Studies
• ISSN: 0022-3492; 1943-3670
• DOI: 10.1902/jop.2016.160140

Background: Little evidence is available regarding the effects of long‐term periodontal infection on diabetes mellitus (DM) control. The aim of this retrospective cohort study is to evaluate influence of periodontal status on changes of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels of patients with type 2 DM (DMt2). Methods: Eighty patients (mean age: 56.0 ± 8.9 years) with DMt2 were included. Patients were non‐smokers, aged ≥40 years, and using antidiabetic drugs. Demographics, health history, and HbA1c levels were retrieved from medical charts. Probing depth and clinical attachment loss (AL) were recorded. Results: Patients were examined at two time points within a mean interval of 38.6 ± 6.6 months. Increase in HbA1c over time was statistically significant when severe periodontitis was diagnosed at baseline (2.32%, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.50% to 3.15%), in patients showing at least one tooth with ≥2 mm of AL progression (2.24%, 95% CI: 1.56% to 2.91%), in males (2.75%, 95% CI: 1.72% to 3.78%), and in those with HbA1c