Effects of cerebellar transcranial alternating current stimulation on motor cortex excitability and motor function

The cerebellum regulates several motor functions through two main mechanisms, the cerebellum-brain inhibition (CBI) and the motor surround inhibition (MSI). Although the exact cerebellar structures and functions involved in such processes are partially known, Purkinje cells (PC) and their surroundin...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Brain Structure and Function 2017-08, Vol.222 (6), p.2891-2906
Main Authors: Naro, Antonino, Bramanti, Alessia, Leo, Antonino, Manuli, Alfredo, Sciarrone, Francesca, Russo, Margherita, Bramanti, Placido, Calabrò, Rocco Salvatore
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedicine
Brain Mapping - methods
Cell Biology
Cerebellum
Cortex (motor)
Cortical Excitability
Electroencephalography
Electromyography
Evoked Potentials, Motor
Excitability
Female
Hemispheric laterality
Humans
Male
Methods Paper
Motor Activity
Motor Cortex - diagnostic imaging
Motor Cortex - physiology
Motor evoked potentials
Motor task performance
Muscle contraction
Muscle, Skeletal - innervation
Neural Inhibition
Neurology
Neuromodulation
Neurosciences
Potentiation
Purkinje cells
Time Factors
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation - methods
Upper Extremity - innervation
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Summary:The cerebellum regulates several motor functions through two main mechanisms, the cerebellum-brain inhibition (CBI) and the motor surround inhibition (MSI). Although the exact cerebellar structures and functions involved in such processes are partially known, Purkinje cells (PC) and their surrounding interneuronal networks may play a pivotal role concerning CBI and MSI. Cerebellar transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) has been proven to shape specific cerebellar components in a feasible, safe, effective, and non-invasive manner. The aim of our study was to characterize the cerebellar structures and functions subtending CBI and MSI using a tACS approach. Fifteen healthy individuals underwent a cerebellar tACS protocol at 10, 50, and 300 Hz, or a sham-tACS over the right cerebellar hemisphere. We measured the tACS aftereffects on motor-evoked potential (MEP) amplitude, CBI induced by tACS (tiCBI) at different frequencies, MSI, and hand motor task performance. None of the participants had any side effect related to tACS. After 50-Hz tACS, we observed a clear tiCBI-50Hz weakening (about +30%, p  
ISSN:1863-2653
1863-2661
0340-2061
DOI:10.1007/s00429-016-1355-1