Electroencephalogram Coherence Patterns in Autism: An Updated Review

Electrophysiologic studies suggest that autism spectrum disorder is characterized by aberrant anatomic and functional neural circuitry. During normal brain development, pruning and synaptogenesis facilitate ongoing changes in both short- and long-range neural wiring. In developmental disorders such...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Pediatric neurology 2017-02, Vol.67, p.7-22
Main Authors: Schwartz, Sophie, Kessler, Riley, Gaughan, Thomas, Buckley, Ashura W.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
autism
Autism Spectrum Disorder - diagnosis
Autism Spectrum Disorder - physiopathology
Brain - growth & development
Brain - physiopathology
coherence
EEG
Electroencephalography
Humans
Neural Pathways - growth & development
Neural Pathways - physiopathology
synchrony
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Summary:Electrophysiologic studies suggest that autism spectrum disorder is characterized by aberrant anatomic and functional neural circuitry. During normal brain development, pruning and synaptogenesis facilitate ongoing changes in both short- and long-range neural wiring. In developmental disorders such as autism, this process may be perturbed and lead to abnormal neural connectivity. Careful analysis of electrophysiologic connectivity patterns using EEG coherence may provide a way to probe the resulting differences in neurological function between people with and without autism. There is general consensus that electroencephalogram coherence patterns differ between individuals with and without autism spectrum disorders; however, the exact nature of the differences and their clinical significance remain unclear. Here we review recent literature comparing electroencephalogram coherence patterns between patients with autism spectrum disorders or at high risk for autism and their nonautistic or low-risk for autism peers.
ISSN:0887-8994
1873-5150
DOI:10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2016.10.018