Susceptibility to ultraviolet radiation in Calanus finmarchicus and Lepeophtheirus salmonis and the adaptive value of external filtering (Crustacea: Copepoda)

Copepods were exposed to UVB with a spectral irradiance maximum at 313 nm and additional visible light. In the holopelagic Calanus finmarchicus, with a carotenoid concentration of 0.85 μg mg−1, the LD50 dose was 29 kJ m−2 whereas in the parasitic copepod Lepeophtheirus salmonis the LD50 was 84 kJ m−...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of plankton research 2002-07, Vol.24 (7), p.661-679
Main Authors: Aarseth, Knut A., Schram, Thomas A.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adaptiveness
Animal and plant ecology
Animal, plant and microbial ecology
Animals
Aquatic crustaceans
Autoecology
Avoidance reactions
Biological and medical sciences
Calanus
Calanus finmarchicus
Carotenoids
Copepoda
Crustacea
Fjords
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Irradiance
Lepeophtheirus salmonis
Marine
Mixed layer
Mortality causes
Plankton
Protozoa. Invertebrata
Survival
Toxicity tests
U.V. radiation
Ultraviolet radiation
Vertical migrations
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Summary:Copepods were exposed to UVB with a spectral irradiance maximum at 313 nm and additional visible light. In the holopelagic Calanus finmarchicus, with a carotenoid concentration of 0.85 μg mg−1, the LD50 dose was 29 kJ m−2 whereas in the parasitic copepod Lepeophtheirus salmonis the LD50 was 84 kJ m−2. The ability to photorepair was demonstrated for both species. The survival data were Weibull distributed, and this result is discussed relative to a mechanistic ‘Weibull model’. Attenuation of UVB (306 nm) was measured in the inner Oslo fjord (Kd = 3.9 m−1). The adaptive significance of behavioural avoidance is assessed in model simulations; the results of the survival experiments are used in connection with the Morowitz formula. Two cases were compared; when Calanus was assumed incapable of active external filtering the specimens would be safe if the depth of the mixed layer was deeper than 7 m in the inner Oslo fjord, however, with the ability of behavioural avoidance, Calanus would be protected if they avoided the upper 1 m. The adaptive value associated with behavioural avoidance of toxic radiation, and the implications relative to vertical migration are discussed.
ISSN:0142-7873
1464-3774
1464-3774
DOI:10.1093/plankt/24.7.661