Aspects on the Ecology of Phlebotomine Sand Flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) From Guaraí, State of Tocantins, Brazil, Endemic Area for American Cutaneous Leishmaniasis

In Brazil, American cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL) ecology involves a diversity of Leishmania species transmitted by different sand fly species. Workers involved in agricultural activities are those mainly affected by ACL in some regions from Tocantins State (TO), Brazil, where the disease can be est...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of medical entomology 2017-01, Vol.54 (1), p.229-235
Main Authors: Godoy, Rodrigo Espíndola, Santana, Antônio Luís Ferreira de, Graser, Carina, Rangel, Elizabeth Ferreira, Vilela, Maurício Luiz
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
American cutaneous leishmaniasis
Biodiversity
Cutaneous leishmaniasis
Ecology
hourly frequency
Leishmania
Nyssomyia antunesi
Parasitic diseases
Psychodopygus complexus
Rainy season
seasonality
Species
Species diversity
Vector-borne diseases
VECTOR-BORNE DISEASES, SURVEILLANCE, PREVENTION
Vectors
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Summary:In Brazil, American cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL) ecology involves a diversity of Leishmania species transmitted by different sand fly species. Workers involved in agricultural activities are those mainly affected by ACL in some regions from Tocantins State (TO), Brazil, where the disease can be established in new settlements. The objective of this study was to examine the seasonal and hourly frequency of sand fly species, focusing on the potential vectors of ACL, in a settlement in Guaraí (TO), an ACL transmission area. Sand flies were captured in forested area close to Pedra Branca Agricultural Project settlement, from March 2006 until December 2007, using Shannon trap. Monthly captures were made from 06:00 p.m. to 10:00 p.m., and 24-h captures were done twice per semester, from 06:00 a.m. to 06:00 a.m. A total of 10,089 specimens from 30 species were identified. Psychodopygus complexus Mangabeira, Psychodopygus llanosmartinsi Fraiha & Ward, and Nyssomyia antunesi Coutinho were the most abundant species. Nyssomyia antunesi was more frequent during the dry period, whereas Ps. complexus and Ps. llanosmartinsi had high frequencies during the rainy season. Precipitation was positively correlated with Ps. complexus and Ps. llanosmartinsi abundance, and negatively correlated with Ny. antunesi. During 24-h captures, the majority of specimens were captured during the night followed by a decrease at dawn. The behavior and previous finding of natural infection by Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis of Ps. complexus led us to the conclusion that this species can be a potential vector of L. (V.) braziliensis during the rainy season in Guaraí.
ISSN:0022-2585
0022-2858
1938-2928
DOI:10.1093/jme/tjw148