Chemical and microstructural analyses for heavy metals removal from water media by ceramic membrane filtration

This study aims to investigate the ability of low cost ceramic membrane filtration in removing three common heavy metals namely; Pb , Cu , and Cd from water media. The work includes manufacturing ceramic membranes with dimensions of 15 by 15 cm and 2 cm thickness. The membranes were made from low co...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Water science and technology 2017-01, Vol.75 (2), p.439-450
Main Authors: Ali, Asmaa, Ahmed, Abdelkader, Gad, Ali
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aquatic plants
Aqueous solutions
Ceramics
Chemical analysis
Chemical oxygen demand
Clay
Copper
Dimensions
Drinking water
Filtration
Fluorescence
Fugitives
Heavy metals
Lead
Low cost
Membrane filtration
Membrane separation
Membranes
Metal concentrations
Metal ions
Metals
Microorganisms
Microstructural analysis
Porous materials
Pressure head
Removal
Sawdust
Scanning electron microscopy
Science
Sintering
Solutions
Water analysis
Water purification
Water sampling
X ray fluorescence analysis
X-ray diffraction
X-ray fluorescence
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Summary:This study aims to investigate the ability of low cost ceramic membrane filtration in removing three common heavy metals namely; Pb , Cu , and Cd from water media. The work includes manufacturing ceramic membranes with dimensions of 15 by 15 cm and 2 cm thickness. The membranes were made from low cost materials of local clay mixed with different sawdust percentages of 0.5%, 2.0%, and 5.0%. The used clay was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray fluorescence analysis. Aqueous solutions of heavy metals were prepared in the laboratory and filtered through the ceramic membranes. The influence of the main parameters such as pH, initial driving pressure head, and concentration of heavy metals on their removal efficiency by ceramic membranes was investigated. Water samples were collected before and after the filtration process and their heavy metal concentrations were determined by chemical analysis. Moreover, a microstructural analysis using scanning electronic microscope (SEM) was performed on ceramic membranes before and after the filtration process. The chemical analysis results showed high removal efficiency up to 99% for the concerned heavy metals. SEM images approved these results by showing adsorbed metal ions on sides of the internal pores of the ceramic membranes.
ISSN:0273-1223
1996-9732
DOI:10.2166/wst.2016.537