Physicochemical Properties, Antioxidant and Anti‐proliferative Capacities of Dried Leaf and Its Extract from Xao tam phan (Paramignya trimera)

Xao tam phan (Paramignya trimera) has been used for the treatment of cancer and cancer‐like aliments. Among different parts of the P. trimera plant, leaf is considered as a residual part after harvesting of the root. This study aimed to determine the physiochemical properties and the antioxidant and...

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Published in:Chemistry & biodiversity 2017-06, Vol.14 (6), p.n/a
Main Authors: Nguyen, Van Tang, Sakoff, Jennette A., Scarlett, Christopher J.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antineoplastic Agents - isolation & purification
Antineoplastic Agents - pharmacology
Antioxidant capaticity
Antioxidants
Antioxidants - isolation & purification
Antioxidants - pharmacology
Antiproliferatives
Anti‐proliferative potential
Bark
Berries
Biotechnology
Breast
Cancer
Catechin
Cell Line, Tumor
Colon
Ellagic acid
Enrichment
Extraction
Flavonoids - isolation & purification
Flavonoids - pharmacology
Freeze drying
Gallic acid
Gemcitabine
Glioblastoma
Harvesting
Humans
Lead compounds
Leaves
Lungs
Microwaves
Neuroblastoma
Pancreas
Pancreatic cancer
Paramignya trimera
Pharmaceutical industry
Phenolic compounds
Phenols
Phenols - isolation & purification
Phenols - pharmacology
Physicochemical properties
Physiochemistry
Phytochemicals
Plant Extracts - chemistry
Plant Extracts - pharmacology
Plant Leaves - chemistry
Plants, Medicinal - chemistry
Proanthocyanidins - isolation & purification
Proanthocyanidins - pharmacology
Prostate
Protocatechuic acid
Quercetin
Rutaceae - chemistry
Rutin
Saponins - isolation & purification
Saponins - pharmacology
Shape memory alloys
Skin
Tumor cell lines
Xao tam phan
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Scarlett, Christopher J.
description Xao tam phan (Paramignya trimera) has been used for the treatment of cancer and cancer‐like aliments. Among different parts of the P. trimera plant, leaf is considered as a residual part after harvesting of the root. This study aimed to determine the physiochemical properties and the antioxidant and anti‐proliferative capacities of P. trimera leaf (PTL) using microwave drying for the preparation of dry sample; MeOH and microwave‐assisted extraction for the preparation of crude extract; and freeze‐drying for the preparation of powdered extract. The results showed that total phenolic, total flavonoid, proanthocyanidin, and saponin contents of PTL prepared by microwave drying at 450 W were 25.4 mg gallic acid equiv. (GAE), 86.3 mg rutin equiv. (RE), 5.6 mg catechin equiv. (CE), and 702.1 mg escin equiv. (EE) per gram dried sample, respectively. Gallic acid, protocatechuic acid, ellagic acid, rutin, and quercetin were identified in the PTL MeOH extract. Dried PTL displayed potent antioxidant activity, while the powdered PTL extract exhibited great anti‐proliferative capacity on various cancer cell lines including MiaPaCa‐2 (pancreas), HT29 (colon), A2780 (ovarian), H460 (lung), A431 (skin), Du145 (prostate), BE2‐C (neuroblastoma), MCF‐7 (breast), MCF‐10A (normal breast), and U87, SJ‐G2, and SMA (glioblastoma). Anti‐proliferative capacity on pancreatic cancer cells (MiaCaPa2, BxPc3, and CFPAC1) of PTL extract (200 μg/ml) was significantly higher (P 
doi_str_mv 10.1002/cbdv.201600498
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Among different parts of the P. trimera plant, leaf is considered as a residual part after harvesting of the root. This study aimed to determine the physiochemical properties and the antioxidant and anti‐proliferative capacities of P. trimera leaf (PTL) using microwave drying for the preparation of dry sample; MeOH and microwave‐assisted extraction for the preparation of crude extract; and freeze‐drying for the preparation of powdered extract. The results showed that total phenolic, total flavonoid, proanthocyanidin, and saponin contents of PTL prepared by microwave drying at 450 W were 25.4 mg gallic acid equiv. (GAE), 86.3 mg rutin equiv. (RE), 5.6 mg catechin equiv. (CE), and 702.1 mg escin equiv. (EE) per gram dried sample, respectively. Gallic acid, protocatechuic acid, ellagic acid, rutin, and quercetin were identified in the PTL MeOH extract. Dried PTL displayed potent antioxidant activity, while the powdered PTL extract exhibited great anti‐proliferative capacity on various cancer cell lines including MiaPaCa‐2 (pancreas), HT29 (colon), A2780 (ovarian), H460 (lung), A431 (skin), Du145 (prostate), BE2‐C (neuroblastoma), MCF‐7 (breast), MCF‐10A (normal breast), and U87, SJ‐G2, and SMA (glioblastoma). Anti‐proliferative capacity on pancreatic cancer cells (MiaCaPa2, BxPc3, and CFPAC1) of PTL extract (200 μg/ml) was significantly higher (P &lt; 0.05) than those of ostruthin (20 μg/ml) and gemcitabine (50 nm), and to be comparable to the powdered P. trimera root extract and a saponin‐enriched extract from quillajia bark (a commercial product). The findings from this study allow us to conclude that the PTL is a rich source of phytochemicals that possess promising antioxidant and anti‐proliferative activities, therefore it shows potential as lead compounds for application in the nutraceutical, medicinal and pharmaceutical industries.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1612-1872</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1612-1880</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201600498</identifier><identifier>PMID: 28122160</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Switzerland: Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</publisher><subject><![CDATA[Antineoplastic Agents - isolation & purification ; Antineoplastic Agents - pharmacology ; Antioxidant capaticity ; Antioxidants ; Antioxidants - isolation & purification ; Antioxidants - pharmacology ; Antiproliferatives ; Anti‐proliferative potential ; Bark ; Berries ; Biotechnology ; Breast ; Cancer ; Catechin ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Colon ; Ellagic acid ; Enrichment ; Extraction ; Flavonoids - isolation & purification ; Flavonoids - pharmacology ; Freeze drying ; Gallic acid ; Gemcitabine ; Glioblastoma ; Harvesting ; Humans ; Lead compounds ; Leaves ; Lungs ; Microwaves ; Neuroblastoma ; Pancreas ; Pancreatic cancer ; Paramignya trimera ; Pharmaceutical industry ; Phenolic compounds ; Phenols ; Phenols - isolation & purification ; Phenols - pharmacology ; Physicochemical properties ; Physiochemistry ; Phytochemicals ; Plant Extracts - chemistry ; Plant Extracts - pharmacology ; Plant Leaves - chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal - chemistry ; Proanthocyanidins - isolation & purification ; Proanthocyanidins - pharmacology ; Prostate ; Protocatechuic acid ; Quercetin ; Rutaceae - chemistry ; Rutin ; Saponins - isolation & purification ; Saponins - pharmacology ; Shape memory alloys ; Skin ; Tumor cell lines ; Xao tam phan]]></subject><ispartof>Chemistry &amp; biodiversity, 2017-06, Vol.14 (6), p.n/a</ispartof><rights>2017 Wiley‐VHCA AG, Zurich, Switzerland</rights><rights>2017 Wiley-VHCA AG, Zurich, Switzerland.</rights><rights>2017 Wiley-VHCA AG, Zurich, Switzerland</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4398-dbe9a175112889f623f6572f9bd6449ef4c7fac16b3d387cd776575f1ea659683</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4398-dbe9a175112889f623f6572f9bd6449ef4c7fac16b3d387cd776575f1ea659683</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28122160$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Nguyen, Van Tang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sakoff, Jennette A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Scarlett, Christopher J.</creatorcontrib><title>Physicochemical Properties, Antioxidant and Anti‐proliferative Capacities of Dried Leaf and Its Extract from Xao tam phan (Paramignya trimera)</title><title>Chemistry &amp; biodiversity</title><addtitle>Chem Biodivers</addtitle><description>Xao tam phan (Paramignya trimera) has been used for the treatment of cancer and cancer‐like aliments. Among different parts of the P. trimera plant, leaf is considered as a residual part after harvesting of the root. This study aimed to determine the physiochemical properties and the antioxidant and anti‐proliferative capacities of P. trimera leaf (PTL) using microwave drying for the preparation of dry sample; MeOH and microwave‐assisted extraction for the preparation of crude extract; and freeze‐drying for the preparation of powdered extract. The results showed that total phenolic, total flavonoid, proanthocyanidin, and saponin contents of PTL prepared by microwave drying at 450 W were 25.4 mg gallic acid equiv. (GAE), 86.3 mg rutin equiv. (RE), 5.6 mg catechin equiv. (CE), and 702.1 mg escin equiv. (EE) per gram dried sample, respectively. Gallic acid, protocatechuic acid, ellagic acid, rutin, and quercetin were identified in the PTL MeOH extract. Dried PTL displayed potent antioxidant activity, while the powdered PTL extract exhibited great anti‐proliferative capacity on various cancer cell lines including MiaPaCa‐2 (pancreas), HT29 (colon), A2780 (ovarian), H460 (lung), A431 (skin), Du145 (prostate), BE2‐C (neuroblastoma), MCF‐7 (breast), MCF‐10A (normal breast), and U87, SJ‐G2, and SMA (glioblastoma). Anti‐proliferative capacity on pancreatic cancer cells (MiaCaPa2, BxPc3, and CFPAC1) of PTL extract (200 μg/ml) was significantly higher (P &lt; 0.05) than those of ostruthin (20 μg/ml) and gemcitabine (50 nm), and to be comparable to the powdered P. trimera root extract and a saponin‐enriched extract from quillajia bark (a commercial product). 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purification</subject><subject>Proanthocyanidins - pharmacology</subject><subject>Prostate</subject><subject>Protocatechuic acid</subject><subject>Quercetin</subject><subject>Rutaceae - chemistry</subject><subject>Rutin</subject><subject>Saponins - isolation &amp; purification</subject><subject>Saponins - pharmacology</subject><subject>Shape memory alloys</subject><subject>Skin</subject><subject>Tumor cell lines</subject><subject>Xao tam phan</subject><issn>1612-1872</issn><issn>1612-1880</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2017</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNqFkc1uEzEUhS0EoqWwZYkssSkSCbZnxmMvS1qgUiSyAMTOuuMf4mpmPNhOaXY8Qp-RJ8FpSpDYsPK173eOfHQQek7JnBLC3ujOXM8ZoZyQWooH6JhyymZUCPLwMLfsCD1J6arw5V08RkdMUMaK5hjdrtbb5HXQazt4DT1exTDZmL1Nr_HZmH248QbGjGE0d_dfP2-nGHrvbITsry1ewATa7wQ4OHwevTV4acHdKS5zwhc3OYLO2MUw4K8QcIYBT2sY8ekKIgz-27gFnKMfiuWrp-iRgz7ZZ_fnCfr87uLT4sNs-fH95eJsOdN1JcXMdFYCbRtKSybpOKscb1rmZGd4XUvrat060JR3lalEq03bln3jqAXeSC6qE3S69y1pvm9symrwSdu-h9GGTVJUcMZEQ5qqoC__Qa_CJo7ld4pKShgRXLaFmu8pHUNK0To1lUgQt4oStetK7bpSh66K4MW97aYbrDngf8opgNwDP3xvt_-xU4u351_-mv8GXqOh6w</recordid><startdate>201706</startdate><enddate>201706</enddate><creator>Nguyen, Van Tang</creator><creator>Sakoff, Jennette A.</creator><creator>Scarlett, Christopher J.</creator><general>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>201706</creationdate><title>Physicochemical Properties, Antioxidant and Anti‐proliferative Capacities of Dried Leaf and Its Extract from Xao tam phan (Paramignya trimera)</title><author>Nguyen, Van Tang ; Sakoff, Jennette A. ; Scarlett, Christopher J.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c4398-dbe9a175112889f623f6572f9bd6449ef4c7fac16b3d387cd776575f1ea659683</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2017</creationdate><topic>Antineoplastic Agents - isolation &amp; purification</topic><topic>Antineoplastic Agents - pharmacology</topic><topic>Antioxidant capaticity</topic><topic>Antioxidants</topic><topic>Antioxidants - isolation &amp; purification</topic><topic>Antioxidants - pharmacology</topic><topic>Antiproliferatives</topic><topic>Anti‐proliferative potential</topic><topic>Bark</topic><topic>Berries</topic><topic>Biotechnology</topic><topic>Breast</topic><topic>Cancer</topic><topic>Catechin</topic><topic>Cell Line, Tumor</topic><topic>Colon</topic><topic>Ellagic acid</topic><topic>Enrichment</topic><topic>Extraction</topic><topic>Flavonoids - isolation &amp; purification</topic><topic>Flavonoids - pharmacology</topic><topic>Freeze drying</topic><topic>Gallic acid</topic><topic>Gemcitabine</topic><topic>Glioblastoma</topic><topic>Harvesting</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Lead compounds</topic><topic>Leaves</topic><topic>Lungs</topic><topic>Microwaves</topic><topic>Neuroblastoma</topic><topic>Pancreas</topic><topic>Pancreatic cancer</topic><topic>Paramignya trimera</topic><topic>Pharmaceutical industry</topic><topic>Phenolic compounds</topic><topic>Phenols</topic><topic>Phenols - isolation &amp; purification</topic><topic>Phenols - pharmacology</topic><topic>Physicochemical properties</topic><topic>Physiochemistry</topic><topic>Phytochemicals</topic><topic>Plant Extracts - chemistry</topic><topic>Plant Extracts - pharmacology</topic><topic>Plant Leaves - chemistry</topic><topic>Plants, Medicinal - chemistry</topic><topic>Proanthocyanidins - isolation &amp; purification</topic><topic>Proanthocyanidins - pharmacology</topic><topic>Prostate</topic><topic>Protocatechuic acid</topic><topic>Quercetin</topic><topic>Rutaceae - chemistry</topic><topic>Rutin</topic><topic>Saponins - isolation &amp; purification</topic><topic>Saponins - pharmacology</topic><topic>Shape memory alloys</topic><topic>Skin</topic><topic>Tumor cell lines</topic><topic>Xao tam phan</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Nguyen, Van Tang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sakoff, Jennette A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Scarlett, Christopher J.</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Nucleic Acids Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Health &amp; Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Chemistry &amp; biodiversity</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Nguyen, Van Tang</au><au>Sakoff, Jennette A.</au><au>Scarlett, Christopher J.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Physicochemical Properties, Antioxidant and Anti‐proliferative Capacities of Dried Leaf and Its Extract from Xao tam phan (Paramignya trimera)</atitle><jtitle>Chemistry &amp; biodiversity</jtitle><addtitle>Chem Biodivers</addtitle><date>2017-06</date><risdate>2017</risdate><volume>14</volume><issue>6</issue><epage>n/a</epage><issn>1612-1872</issn><eissn>1612-1880</eissn><abstract>Xao tam phan (Paramignya trimera) has been used for the treatment of cancer and cancer‐like aliments. Among different parts of the P. trimera plant, leaf is considered as a residual part after harvesting of the root. This study aimed to determine the physiochemical properties and the antioxidant and anti‐proliferative capacities of P. trimera leaf (PTL) using microwave drying for the preparation of dry sample; MeOH and microwave‐assisted extraction for the preparation of crude extract; and freeze‐drying for the preparation of powdered extract. The results showed that total phenolic, total flavonoid, proanthocyanidin, and saponin contents of PTL prepared by microwave drying at 450 W were 25.4 mg gallic acid equiv. (GAE), 86.3 mg rutin equiv. (RE), 5.6 mg catechin equiv. (CE), and 702.1 mg escin equiv. (EE) per gram dried sample, respectively. Gallic acid, protocatechuic acid, ellagic acid, rutin, and quercetin were identified in the PTL MeOH extract. Dried PTL displayed potent antioxidant activity, while the powdered PTL extract exhibited great anti‐proliferative capacity on various cancer cell lines including MiaPaCa‐2 (pancreas), HT29 (colon), A2780 (ovarian), H460 (lung), A431 (skin), Du145 (prostate), BE2‐C (neuroblastoma), MCF‐7 (breast), MCF‐10A (normal breast), and U87, SJ‐G2, and SMA (glioblastoma). Anti‐proliferative capacity on pancreatic cancer cells (MiaCaPa2, BxPc3, and CFPAC1) of PTL extract (200 μg/ml) was significantly higher (P &lt; 0.05) than those of ostruthin (20 μg/ml) and gemcitabine (50 nm), and to be comparable to the powdered P. trimera root extract and a saponin‐enriched extract from quillajia bark (a commercial product). The findings from this study allow us to conclude that the PTL is a rich source of phytochemicals that possess promising antioxidant and anti‐proliferative activities, therefore it shows potential as lead compounds for application in the nutraceutical, medicinal and pharmaceutical industries.</abstract><cop>Switzerland</cop><pub>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</pub><pmid>28122160</pmid><doi>10.1002/cbdv.201600498</doi><tpages>11</tpages></addata></record>
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subjects Antineoplastic Agents - isolation & purification
Antineoplastic Agents - pharmacology
Antioxidant capaticity
Antioxidants
Antioxidants - isolation & purification
Antioxidants - pharmacology
Antiproliferatives
Anti‐proliferative potential
Bark
Berries
Biotechnology
Breast
Cancer
Catechin
Cell Line, Tumor
Colon
Ellagic acid
Enrichment
Extraction
Flavonoids - isolation & purification
Flavonoids - pharmacology
Freeze drying
Gallic acid
Gemcitabine
Glioblastoma
Harvesting
Humans
Lead compounds
Leaves
Lungs
Microwaves
Neuroblastoma
Pancreas
Pancreatic cancer
Paramignya trimera
Pharmaceutical industry
Phenolic compounds
Phenols
Phenols - isolation & purification
Phenols - pharmacology
Physicochemical properties
Physiochemistry
Phytochemicals
Plant Extracts - chemistry
Plant Extracts - pharmacology
Plant Leaves - chemistry
Plants, Medicinal - chemistry
Proanthocyanidins - isolation & purification
Proanthocyanidins - pharmacology
Prostate
Protocatechuic acid
Quercetin
Rutaceae - chemistry
Rutin
Saponins - isolation & purification
Saponins - pharmacology
Shape memory alloys
Skin
Tumor cell lines
Xao tam phan
title Physicochemical Properties, Antioxidant and Anti‐proliferative Capacities of Dried Leaf and Its Extract from Xao tam phan (Paramignya trimera)
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