Species richness, environmental fluctuations, and temporal change in total community biomass

Theory and empirical results suggest that high biodiversity should often cause lower temporal variability in aggregate community properties such as total community biomass. We assembled microbial communities containing 2 to 8 species of competitors in aquatic microcosms and found that the temporal c...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Oikos 2002-11, Vol.99 (2), p.231-240
Main Authors: Petchey, Owen L., Casey, Tim, Jiang, Lin, McPhearson, P. Timon, Price, Jennifer
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animal, plant and microbial ecology
Biodiversity
Biological and medical sciences
Biomass
Community relations
Covariance
Ecosystems
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Microbial ecology
Population dynamics
Population mean
Species
Species diversity
Statistical discrepancies
Various environments (extraatmospheric space, air, water)
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Summary:Theory and empirical results suggest that high biodiversity should often cause lower temporal variability in aggregate community properties such as total community biomass. We assembled microbial communities containing 2 to 8 species of competitors in aquatic microcosms and found that the temporal change in total community biomass was positively but insignificantly associated with diversity in a constant temperature environment. There was no evidence of any trend in variable temperature environments. Three non-exclusive mechanisms might explain the lack of a net stabilising effect of species richness on temporal change. (1) A direct destabilising effect of diversity on population level variances caused some populations to vary more when embedded in more diverse communities. (2) Similar responses of the different species to environmental variability might have limited any insurance effect of increased species richness. (3) Large differences in the population level variability of different species (i.e. unevenness) could weaken the relation between species richness and community level stability. These three mechanisms may outweigh the stabilising effects of increases in total community biomass with diversity, statistical averaging, and slightly more negative covariance in more diverse communities. Our experiment and analyses advocate for further experimental investigations of diversity-variability relations.
ISSN:0030-1299
1600-0706
DOI:10.1034/j.1600-0706.2002.990203.x