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Effect of rainfall timing and tillage on the transport of steroid hormones in runoff from manure amended row crop fields
•Hormones and metabolites were detected in runoff from test plots fertilized with cattle manure.•Composting can reduce the hormone concentration in manure compared to stockpiling.•About 10% of applied hormones can be lost through the dissolved phase of runoff. Runoff generated from livestock manure...
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Published in: | Journal of hazardous materials 2017-02, Vol.324 (Pt B), p.436-447 |
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Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Subjects: | |
Citations: | Items that this one cites Items that cite this one |
Online Access: | Get full text |
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Summary: | •Hormones and metabolites were detected in runoff from test plots fertilized with cattle manure.•Composting can reduce the hormone concentration in manure compared to stockpiling.•About 10% of applied hormones can be lost through the dissolved phase of runoff.
Runoff generated from livestock manure amended row crop fields is one of the major pathways of hormone transport to the aquatic environment. The study determined the effects of manure handling, tillage methods, and rainfall timing on the occurrence and transport of steroid hormones in runoff from the row crop field. Stockpiled and composted manure from hormone treated and untreated animals were applied to test plots and subjected to two rainfall simulation events 30days apart. During the two rainfall simulation events, detection of any steroid hormone or metabolites was identified in 8–86% of runoff samples from any tillage and manure treatment. The most commonly detected hormones were 17β-estradiol, estrone, estriol, testosterone, and α-zearalenol at concentrations ranging up to 100–200ngL−1. Considering the maximum detected concentrations in runoff, no more than 10% of the applied hormone can be transported through the dissolved phase of runoff. Results from the study indicate that hormones can persist in soils receiving livestock manure over an extended period of time and the dissolved phase of hormone in runoff is not the preferred pathway of transport from the manure applied fields irrespective of tillage treatments and timing of rainfall. |
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ISSN: | 0304-3894 1873-3336 |
DOI: | 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.11.009 |