Tracing the energy footprints of Indonesian manufacturing industry

• Published in: Energy science & engineering 2016-11, Vol.4 (6), p.394-405
• Main Authors: Vivadinar, Yales, Purwanto, Widodo W., Saputra, Asep H.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Efficiency energy; Electric rates; Electricity; Electricity consumption; Energy conservation; Energy consumption; Energy demand; Energy efficiency; Energy flow; energy flows; Energy management; energy mapping; Energy use; Energy utilization; Flow mapping; Footprints; GDP; Gross Domestic Product; Growth rate; Heating; Heating systems; manufacture; Manufacturers; Manufacturing; Manufacturing industry; Organic chemistry; Power efficiency; Power plants; Pulp & paper industry; Sankey diagram; Studies; Textiles
• ISSN: 2050-0505; 2050-0505
• DOI: 10.1002/ese3.142

The low energy efficiency is the source of the large energy consumption issue and the rapid growth of energy demand in the manufacturing industry sector in Indonesia. The driving forces behind the low energy efficiency situation in this sector are both economic and efficiency factors. The objective of this study is to generate the map of the energy flow in the manufacturing industry sector to investigate the energy utilization in the industrial process. The data sample that represents 80% of energy consumption in the manufacturing sector is used to generate this map. The generated map shows the heating system is the largest energy consumer among all energy equipment and as the primary source of the energy losses. Additionally, we found the industry groups such as sugar, cement, pulp and paper, and textile use enormous amounts of energy as their source for the heating system; meanwhile, the industries such as basic chemical, metal, and textile are the largest electricity consumers for their motor‐driven machinery. The energy flow analysis together with the comparison of the Specific Energy Consumption shows the areas that should be the focus for further energy conservation measures. Recommended measures are also discussed. The objective of this study is to generate the map of the energy flow in the manufacturing industry sector to investigate the impact of the energy utilization on the energy efficiency factor in the industrial process. The generated maps show most of the energy used by the industrial heating system, while the main source of energy losses comes from the heating process and the on‐site power generation. We established that the industry groups labeled as sugar, cement, pulp and paper, and textile use enormous amounts of energy as their source for heating; meanwhile, the industries labeled as basic chemical, metal, and textile are the largest electricity consumers to start their motor‐driven machinery. The energy flow analysis together with the comparison of Specific Energy Consumption shows that the above‐mentioned areas should be the focus for further energy conservation measures.