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Topical treatment of experimental cutaneous leishmaniasis in golden hamster (Mesocricetus auratus) with formulations containing pentamidine

Current treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) relies mainly on pentavalent antimonials salts and second-line drugs include pentamidine and amphotericin B, but these therapies have side effects and require parenteral administration. The aim of this work was to evaluate the topical formulations co...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Acta amazonica 2017-03, Vol.47 (1)
Main Authors: Comandolli-Wyrepkowski, Claudia Dantas, Grafova, Iryna, Naiff, Maricleide de Farias, Avella, Maurizio, Gentile, Gennaro, Grafov, Andriy, Franco, Antonia Maria Ramos
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Language:Portuguese
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Summary:Current treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) relies mainly on pentavalent antimonials salts and second-line drugs include pentamidine and amphotericin B, but these therapies have side effects and require parenteral administration. The aim of this work was to evaluate the topical formulations containing pentamidine isethionate (PI) in the experimental treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL). Golden hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus) were infected in the nose with Leishmania(Leishmania) amazonensis. Six treatment groups received different topical treatments of anhydrous or hydrating emulsions, for a maximum of 10 days, with an application of 50 mg day super(-1). After treatment tissue samples of lesions were evaluated by histology, transmission electron microscopy and biopsy cultivation. Compared with untreated group, topical treatment with hydrating emulsion with 10% PI and usnic acid (ACE5AU) showed significantly decrease in volume lesion (P= 0.028) on 20 super(th) day after the end of the treatment with reduction of 27.37%. Topical treatment with anhydrous emulsion with 10% PI and usnic acid (ACPU) reduces parasite burden in Golden hamsters. This study demonstrated the potential of topical treatment to reduce the number of parasites that could be combined with others drugs and to have a faster and more effective treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis.Original Abstract: O tratamento atual para Leishmaniose Tegumentar Americana e realizado com antimoniais pentavalentes como tratamento padrao, e as drogas de segunda escolha incluem pentamidina e anfotericina B, mas essas terapias apresentam efeitos colaterais e requerem administracao parenteral. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar formulacoes topicas contendo isetionato de pentamidina comercial (IP) no tratamento da leishmaniose cutanea experimental (LC). Hamsters dourados foram infectados no focinho com Leishmania(Leishmania) amazonensis. Grupos de seis animais receberam tratamento topico com cremes anidro ou emulsoes hidratantes, num maximo de 10 dias, com aplicacao de 50 mg dia super(-1). Amostras de tecido de lesoes tratadas foram avaliadas por histologia, microscopia eletronica de transmissao (MET) e cultivo de biopsia. Comparado ao grupo sem tratamento, o tratamento topico com emulsao hidratante com 10% de IP e acido usnico (ACE5AU) mostrou diminuicao significativa (P=0,028) nas medidas de lesoes, 20 dias apos o final do tratamento e 27,37% de reducao. O tratamento topico com emulsao anidra com 10%
ISSN:0044-5967
1809-4392
DOI:10.1590/1809-4392201601333