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The effect of elevated levels of phaeophytin in natural water on variable fluorescence measured from phytoplankton
Variable fluorescence methods are becoming popular in studies related to aquatic photosynthesis. In natural ocean water, phytoplankton co-exist with their zooplankton and flagellate predators, viral parasites and the waste products of digested phytoplankton cells that contain phaeophytin (a chromo-p...
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| Published in: | Journal of plankton research 2002-11, Vol.24 (11), p.1221-1229 |
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| container_end_page | 1229 |
| container_issue | 11 |
| container_start_page | 1221 |
| container_title | Journal of plankton research |
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| creator | Fuchs, Eran Zimmerman, Richard C. Jaffe, Jules S. |
| description | Variable fluorescence methods are becoming popular in studies related to aquatic photosynthesis. In natural ocean water, phytoplankton co-exist with their zooplankton and flagellate predators, viral parasites and the waste products of digested phytoplankton cells that contain phaeophytin (a chromo-phore produced by digestion of chlorophyll a). Fast repetition rate fluorometry, a technique mainly applied in phytoplankton studies, was used to evaluate and quantify the effect of phaeophytin abundance in sea water on variable fluorescence parameters: the photochemical quantum yield, ΦF (also known as Fv/Fm), and the functional cross-section of photosystem 2 (PS2), σPS2. If the value of ΦF determined is lower than what it actually is, phytoplankton may be labeled as less healthy (or productive) than their true condition. Results were compared with data collected using another widely used variable fluorescence technique: pulse amplitude modulation (PAM). Our study concludes that for significantly elevated levels of phaeophytin in the water, the measured values of ΦF should be corrected to avoid misinterpretation. This conclusion is independent of the measuring instrument. In waters with phaeophytin levels that constitute less than ∼30% of the total measured pigment, no correction is required ( |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1093/plankt/24.11.1221 |
| format | article |
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In natural ocean water, phytoplankton co-exist with their zooplankton and flagellate predators, viral parasites and the waste products of digested phytoplankton cells that contain phaeophytin (a chromo-phore produced by digestion of chlorophyll a). Fast repetition rate fluorometry, a technique mainly applied in phytoplankton studies, was used to evaluate and quantify the effect of phaeophytin abundance in sea water on variable fluorescence parameters: the photochemical quantum yield, ΦF (also known as Fv/Fm), and the functional cross-section of photosystem 2 (PS2), σPS2. If the value of ΦF determined is lower than what it actually is, phytoplankton may be labeled as less healthy (or productive) than their true condition. Results were compared with data collected using another widely used variable fluorescence technique: pulse amplitude modulation (PAM). Our study concludes that for significantly elevated levels of phaeophytin in the water, the measured values of ΦF should be corrected to avoid misinterpretation. This conclusion is independent of the measuring instrument. In waters with phaeophytin levels that constitute less than ∼30% of the total measured pigment, no correction is required (<5% change in ΦF is expected). However, as phaeophytin levels rise, the effect on ΦF increases and becomes more significant (e.g. ΦF appears 25% lower when the phaeophytin to total pigment ratio is ∼70%). High concentrations of phaeophytin are not often reported in the open ocean. However, in highly productive coastal waters, high levels of phaeophytin can be encountered. The functional cross-section (σPS2) measurements are not affected by the presence of phaeophytin in the water.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0142-7873</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1464-3774</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1464-3774</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1093/plankt/24.11.1221</identifier><identifier>CODEN: JPLRD9</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Oxford: Oxford University Press</publisher><subject>Algae ; Animal, plant and microbial ecology ; Biological and medical sciences ; Brackish ; Chlorophyll ; Chlorophylls ; Coastal waters ; Fluorescence ; Fluorometry ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; General aspects. Techniques ; Levels ; Marine ; Methods and techniques (sampling, tagging, trapping, modelling...) ; Parasites ; Phaeophytin ; Photochemistry ; Photosynthesis ; Photosystem ; Phytoplankton ; Predators ; Presenilin 2 ; Sea water ; Zooplankton</subject><ispartof>Journal of plankton research, 2002-11, Vol.24 (11), p.1221-1229</ispartof><rights>2003 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright Oxford University Press(England) Nov 2002</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c412t-5848ef04ab6b930b3d7e92f841bcfc01df55db6b85f3d84b2d527bb999b077e3</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=14008078$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Fuchs, Eran</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zimmerman, Richard C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jaffe, Jules S.</creatorcontrib><title>The effect of elevated levels of phaeophytin in natural water on variable fluorescence measured from phytoplankton</title><title>Journal of plankton research</title><addtitle>J. Plankton Res</addtitle><description>Variable fluorescence methods are becoming popular in studies related to aquatic photosynthesis. In natural ocean water, phytoplankton co-exist with their zooplankton and flagellate predators, viral parasites and the waste products of digested phytoplankton cells that contain phaeophytin (a chromo-phore produced by digestion of chlorophyll a). Fast repetition rate fluorometry, a technique mainly applied in phytoplankton studies, was used to evaluate and quantify the effect of phaeophytin abundance in sea water on variable fluorescence parameters: the photochemical quantum yield, ΦF (also known as Fv/Fm), and the functional cross-section of photosystem 2 (PS2), σPS2. If the value of ΦF determined is lower than what it actually is, phytoplankton may be labeled as less healthy (or productive) than their true condition. Results were compared with data collected using another widely used variable fluorescence technique: pulse amplitude modulation (PAM). Our study concludes that for significantly elevated levels of phaeophytin in the water, the measured values of ΦF should be corrected to avoid misinterpretation. This conclusion is independent of the measuring instrument. In waters with phaeophytin levels that constitute less than ∼30% of the total measured pigment, no correction is required (<5% change in ΦF is expected). However, as phaeophytin levels rise, the effect on ΦF increases and becomes more significant (e.g. ΦF appears 25% lower when the phaeophytin to total pigment ratio is ∼70%). High concentrations of phaeophytin are not often reported in the open ocean. However, in highly productive coastal waters, high levels of phaeophytin can be encountered. The functional cross-section (σPS2) measurements are not affected by the presence of phaeophytin in the water.</description><subject>Algae</subject><subject>Animal, plant and microbial ecology</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Brackish</subject><subject>Chlorophyll</subject><subject>Chlorophylls</subject><subject>Coastal waters</subject><subject>Fluorescence</subject><subject>Fluorometry</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>General aspects. Techniques</subject><subject>Levels</subject><subject>Marine</subject><subject>Methods and techniques (sampling, tagging, trapping, modelling...)</subject><subject>Parasites</subject><subject>Phaeophytin</subject><subject>Photochemistry</subject><subject>Photosynthesis</subject><subject>Photosystem</subject><subject>Phytoplankton</subject><subject>Predators</subject><subject>Presenilin 2</subject><subject>Sea water</subject><subject>Zooplankton</subject><issn>0142-7873</issn><issn>1464-3774</issn><issn>1464-3774</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2002</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNpdkVGL1DAUhYMoOK7-AN-CoG-dzU3SJn2UwXGFBUH6IL6EpL1huptpatKu7r83QxcFIXAh5zuHc7mEvAW2B9aK6znY6X655nIPsAfO4RnZgWxkJZSSz8mOgeSV0kq8JK9yvmMMmqLuSOpOSNF77BcaPcWAD3bBgZaJIV--5pPFOJ8el3Gi5U12WZMN9FfBEo0TfbBptC4g9WGNCXOPU4_0jDavqQT5FM_0Yo9bxTi9Ji-8DRnfPM0r0h0_dYeb6vbr5y-Hj7dVL4EvVa2lRs-kdY1rBXNiUNhyryW43vcMBl_XQ9F07cWgpeNDzZVzbds6phSKK_Jhi51T_LliXsx5LOVCaYFxzQa0YsAbXsB3_4F3cU1TqWY4Z1zxGpoCwQb1Keac0Js5jWebHg0wc7mA2dYzXBoAc7lA8bx_Cra5t8EnO_Vj_meUjGmmdOGqjRvzgr__6jbdm0YJVZub7z8MfOuOvDsycxB_AAHLmUA</recordid><startdate>20021101</startdate><enddate>20021101</enddate><creator>Fuchs, Eran</creator><creator>Zimmerman, Richard C.</creator><creator>Jaffe, Jules S.</creator><general>Oxford University Press</general><general>Oxford Publishing Limited (England)</general><scope>BSCLL</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>H95</scope><scope>L.G</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>7TN</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20021101</creationdate><title>The effect of elevated levels of phaeophytin in natural water on variable fluorescence measured from phytoplankton</title><author>Fuchs, Eran ; Zimmerman, Richard C. ; Jaffe, Jules S.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c412t-5848ef04ab6b930b3d7e92f841bcfc01df55db6b85f3d84b2d527bb999b077e3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2002</creationdate><topic>Algae</topic><topic>Animal, plant and microbial ecology</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Brackish</topic><topic>Chlorophyll</topic><topic>Chlorophylls</topic><topic>Coastal waters</topic><topic>Fluorescence</topic><topic>Fluorometry</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>General aspects. Techniques</topic><topic>Levels</topic><topic>Marine</topic><topic>Methods and techniques (sampling, tagging, trapping, modelling...)</topic><topic>Parasites</topic><topic>Phaeophytin</topic><topic>Photochemistry</topic><topic>Photosynthesis</topic><topic>Photosystem</topic><topic>Phytoplankton</topic><topic>Predators</topic><topic>Presenilin 2</topic><topic>Sea water</topic><topic>Zooplankton</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Fuchs, Eran</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zimmerman, Richard C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jaffe, Jules S.</creatorcontrib><collection>Istex</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Animal Behavior Abstracts</collection><collection>Ecology Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ASFA: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Professional</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>Oceanic Abstracts</collection><jtitle>Journal of plankton research</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Fuchs, Eran</au><au>Zimmerman, Richard C.</au><au>Jaffe, Jules S.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>The effect of elevated levels of phaeophytin in natural water on variable fluorescence measured from phytoplankton</atitle><jtitle>Journal of plankton research</jtitle><addtitle>J. Plankton Res</addtitle><date>2002-11-01</date><risdate>2002</risdate><volume>24</volume><issue>11</issue><spage>1221</spage><epage>1229</epage><pages>1221-1229</pages><issn>0142-7873</issn><issn>1464-3774</issn><eissn>1464-3774</eissn><coden>JPLRD9</coden><abstract>Variable fluorescence methods are becoming popular in studies related to aquatic photosynthesis. In natural ocean water, phytoplankton co-exist with their zooplankton and flagellate predators, viral parasites and the waste products of digested phytoplankton cells that contain phaeophytin (a chromo-phore produced by digestion of chlorophyll a). Fast repetition rate fluorometry, a technique mainly applied in phytoplankton studies, was used to evaluate and quantify the effect of phaeophytin abundance in sea water on variable fluorescence parameters: the photochemical quantum yield, ΦF (also known as Fv/Fm), and the functional cross-section of photosystem 2 (PS2), σPS2. If the value of ΦF determined is lower than what it actually is, phytoplankton may be labeled as less healthy (or productive) than their true condition. Results were compared with data collected using another widely used variable fluorescence technique: pulse amplitude modulation (PAM). Our study concludes that for significantly elevated levels of phaeophytin in the water, the measured values of ΦF should be corrected to avoid misinterpretation. This conclusion is independent of the measuring instrument. In waters with phaeophytin levels that constitute less than ∼30% of the total measured pigment, no correction is required (<5% change in ΦF is expected). However, as phaeophytin levels rise, the effect on ΦF increases and becomes more significant (e.g. ΦF appears 25% lower when the phaeophytin to total pigment ratio is ∼70%). High concentrations of phaeophytin are not often reported in the open ocean. However, in highly productive coastal waters, high levels of phaeophytin can be encountered. The functional cross-section (σPS2) measurements are not affected by the presence of phaeophytin in the water.</abstract><cop>Oxford</cop><pub>Oxford University Press</pub><doi>10.1093/plankt/24.11.1221</doi><tpages>9</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| source | Oxford Journals Online |
| subjects | Algae Animal, plant and microbial ecology Biological and medical sciences Brackish Chlorophyll Chlorophylls Coastal waters Fluorescence Fluorometry Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology General aspects. Techniques Levels Marine Methods and techniques (sampling, tagging, trapping, modelling...) Parasites Phaeophytin Photochemistry Photosynthesis Photosystem Phytoplankton Predators Presenilin 2 Sea water Zooplankton |
| title | The effect of elevated levels of phaeophytin in natural water on variable fluorescence measured from phytoplankton |
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