Oligofructose decreases serum lipopolysaccharide and plasminogen activator inhibitor‐1 in adults with overweight/obesity

• Published in: Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) Md.), 2017-03, Vol.25 (3), p.510-513
• Main Authors: Parnell, Jill A., Klancic, Teja, Reimer, Raylene A.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adiponectin - blood; Adult; Biomarkers - blood; Body fat; Carbohydrates; Cardiovascular disease; Chemokine CCL2 - blood; Clinical trials; Diabetes; Diet; Dietary fiber; Double-Blind Method; Female; Food; Glucose; Humans; Inflammation; Inflammation - blood; Inflammation - complications; Inflammation - drug therapy; Insulin resistance; Interleukin-6 - blood; Lifestyles; Lipopolysaccharides - blood; Liver diseases; Male; Metabolism; Middle Aged; Nutrition research; Obesity; Oligosaccharides - pharmacology; Oligosaccharides - therapeutic use; Overweight - blood; Overweight - complications; Overweight - drug therapy; Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 - blood; Prebiotics; Studies; Treatment Outcome; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha - blood; Tumor necrosis factor-TNF; Weight control
• ISSN: 1930-7381; 1930-739X
• DOI: 10.1002/oby.21763

Objective To determine the effect of prebiotic supplementation on metabolic endotoxemia and systemic inflammation in adults with overweight and obesity. Methods Samples from a previously conducted randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial were used for analysis. Participants were randomized to 21 g of oligofructose (n = 20; BMI 30.4 kg/m2) or a maltodextrin placebo (n = 17; BMI 29.5 kg/m2) for 12 weeks. A total of 37 participants had samples available for the current analysis. Resistin, adiponectin, plasminogen activator inhibitor‐1 (PAI‐1), interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α), and macrophage chemoattractant protein‐1 (MCP‐1) were quantified using MILLIPLEX® assays. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was measured using PyroGene™ Recombinant Factor C Assay. Results Plasma LPS concentrations were reduced by 40% in the oligofructose group over 12 weeks compared to a 48% increase in the placebo group (P = 0.04). PAI‐1, a risk factor for thrombosis, was reduced to a greater extent in the oligofructose group (−17.3 ± 2.6 ng/ml) compared to the placebo group (−9.7 ± 1.8 ng/ml; P = 0.03). Oligofructose did not affect IL‐6, TNF‐α, MCP‐1, adiponectin, or resistin. Conclusions Oligofructose reduces metabolic endotoxemia and PAI‐1. Incorporating prebiotics into the diet through supplements or functional foods may help mitigate some markers of obesity‐associated inflammation.