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Description of veterinary events and risk factors for fatality in National Hunt flat racing Thoroughbreds in Great Britain (2000–2013)
Summary Background No large‐scale studies have described veterinary events occurring in National Hunt (NH) flat racing or investigated risk factors for fatality in this race type. Objectives To describe injuries and conditions requiring veterinary attendance on race day and to determine risk factors...
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Published in: | Equine veterinary journal 2017-11, Vol.49 (6), p.700-705 |
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container_title | Equine veterinary journal |
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creator | Allen, S. E. Rosanowski, S. M. Stirk, A. J. Verheyen, K. L. P. |
description | Summary
Background
No large‐scale studies have described veterinary events occurring in National Hunt (NH) flat racing or investigated risk factors for fatality in this race type.
Objectives
To describe injuries and conditions requiring veterinary attendance on race day and to determine risk factors for racehorse fatality in NH flat racing in Great Britain.
Study design
Retrospective cohort study (2000–2013).
Methods
Information from all NH flat races held over the study period, including horse, race and veterinary event report details, was combined. Veterinary events were described by type and anatomical structure(s) affected. Incidence per 1000 starts were calculated for all veterinary events and by event group, and stratified by certain horse‐ and race‐level variables. Risk factors for fatality were determined using multivariable logistic regression modelling.
Results
Over the 14‐year study period, 544 veterinary events were recorded, providing an overall incidence of 13.0 events per 1000 starts. The most common events were bone injuries (23.5%) and tendon or ligament injuries (16.4%). A fatal outcome was recorded for 117 horses (21.5% of all events), resulting in an incidence of 2.9 deaths per 1000 starts. Odds of fatality were 4.33 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.59–11.82; P = 0.02) times higher in races restricted to conditional jockeys compared to those that were not. Horses starting in their first race experienced 1.44 (95% CI 1.00–2.08; P = 0.05) times the odds of death compared to those that had raced before.
Main limitations
Classification of veterinary events frequently relied upon presumptive diagnosis.
Conclusions
This study provides a benchmark for the ongoing surveillance of veterinary events in NH flat racing. These results support the phasing out of NH flat races restricted to conditional jockeys and highlight the need for further work to establish why NH flat racing Thoroughbreds competing in their first race are at increased risk for death. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1111/evj.12676 |
format | article |
fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_1872574923</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>1872574923</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3886-b13380392856e49bb5a5d879e8b22ee30a21a490734a236e18455777f101d5803</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp1kc9u1DAQxq0K1C6FQ1-gssSlPaS1x3bsHPuPFlTBpXCNnGTSepuNt7azaG8cufOGPAletnBAYi4zo_nNJ818hBxwdsJznOJqfsKh1OUOmQGTUAjByhdklktV8FLKPfIqxjljQoCEXbIHBoTiEmbk-yXGNrhlcn6kvqcrTBjcaMOa4grHFKkdOxpcfKS9bZMPkfY-5DrZwaU1dSP9aDfLdqA305hoP9hEg23deE_vHnzw0_1DE7CLG_Q6YJ6eB5ds7o6AMfbz2w9gXBy_Ji97O0R885z3yed3V3cXN8Xtp-v3F2e3RSuMKYuGC2GYqMCoEmXVNMqqzugKTQOAKJgFbmXFtJAWRIncSKW01j1nvFN5c58cbXWXwT9NGFO9cLHFYbAj-inW3GhQWlYgMvr2H3Tup5AvzVSlmJBaKp6p4y3VBh9jwL5eBrfID6w5qzf21Nme-rc9mT18VpyaBXZ_yT9-ZOB0C3x1A67_r1RfffmwlfwF3CCX2w</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>1950347451</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Description of veterinary events and risk factors for fatality in National Hunt flat racing Thoroughbreds in Great Britain (2000–2013)</title><source>Wiley-Blackwell Read & Publish Collection</source><creator>Allen, S. E. ; Rosanowski, S. M. ; Stirk, A. J. ; Verheyen, K. L. P.</creator><creatorcontrib>Allen, S. E. ; Rosanowski, S. M. ; Stirk, A. J. ; Verheyen, K. L. P.</creatorcontrib><description>Summary
Background
No large‐scale studies have described veterinary events occurring in National Hunt (NH) flat racing or investigated risk factors for fatality in this race type.
Objectives
To describe injuries and conditions requiring veterinary attendance on race day and to determine risk factors for racehorse fatality in NH flat racing in Great Britain.
Study design
Retrospective cohort study (2000–2013).
Methods
Information from all NH flat races held over the study period, including horse, race and veterinary event report details, was combined. Veterinary events were described by type and anatomical structure(s) affected. Incidence per 1000 starts were calculated for all veterinary events and by event group, and stratified by certain horse‐ and race‐level variables. Risk factors for fatality were determined using multivariable logistic regression modelling.
Results
Over the 14‐year study period, 544 veterinary events were recorded, providing an overall incidence of 13.0 events per 1000 starts. The most common events were bone injuries (23.5%) and tendon or ligament injuries (16.4%). A fatal outcome was recorded for 117 horses (21.5% of all events), resulting in an incidence of 2.9 deaths per 1000 starts. Odds of fatality were 4.33 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.59–11.82; P = 0.02) times higher in races restricted to conditional jockeys compared to those that were not. Horses starting in their first race experienced 1.44 (95% CI 1.00–2.08; P = 0.05) times the odds of death compared to those that had raced before.
Main limitations
Classification of veterinary events frequently relied upon presumptive diagnosis.
Conclusions
This study provides a benchmark for the ongoing surveillance of veterinary events in NH flat racing. These results support the phasing out of NH flat races restricted to conditional jockeys and highlight the need for further work to establish why NH flat racing Thoroughbreds competing in their first race are at increased risk for death.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0425-1644</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2042-3306</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1111/evj.12676</identifier><identifier>PMID: 28235142</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</publisher><subject>Animals ; Cohort Studies ; death ; Fatalities ; Female ; Fractures, Bone - epidemiology ; Fractures, Bone - mortality ; Fractures, Bone - veterinary ; horse ; Horses ; Horses - injuries ; Incidence ; injuries ; Ligaments - injuries ; Male ; racehorse ; Races ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Running ; Sports ; Tendon Injuries - epidemiology ; Tendon Injuries - mortality ; Tendon Injuries - veterinary ; United Kingdom - epidemiology</subject><ispartof>Equine veterinary journal, 2017-11, Vol.49 (6), p.700-705</ispartof><rights>2017 EVJ Ltd</rights><rights>2017 EVJ Ltd.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3886-b13380392856e49bb5a5d879e8b22ee30a21a490734a236e18455777f101d5803</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3886-b13380392856e49bb5a5d879e8b22ee30a21a490734a236e18455777f101d5803</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-7950-0029</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28235142$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Allen, S. E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rosanowski, S. M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stirk, A. J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Verheyen, K. L. P.</creatorcontrib><title>Description of veterinary events and risk factors for fatality in National Hunt flat racing Thoroughbreds in Great Britain (2000–2013)</title><title>Equine veterinary journal</title><addtitle>Equine Vet J</addtitle><description>Summary
Background
No large‐scale studies have described veterinary events occurring in National Hunt (NH) flat racing or investigated risk factors for fatality in this race type.
Objectives
To describe injuries and conditions requiring veterinary attendance on race day and to determine risk factors for racehorse fatality in NH flat racing in Great Britain.
Study design
Retrospective cohort study (2000–2013).
Methods
Information from all NH flat races held over the study period, including horse, race and veterinary event report details, was combined. Veterinary events were described by type and anatomical structure(s) affected. Incidence per 1000 starts were calculated for all veterinary events and by event group, and stratified by certain horse‐ and race‐level variables. Risk factors for fatality were determined using multivariable logistic regression modelling.
Results
Over the 14‐year study period, 544 veterinary events were recorded, providing an overall incidence of 13.0 events per 1000 starts. The most common events were bone injuries (23.5%) and tendon or ligament injuries (16.4%). A fatal outcome was recorded for 117 horses (21.5% of all events), resulting in an incidence of 2.9 deaths per 1000 starts. Odds of fatality were 4.33 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.59–11.82; P = 0.02) times higher in races restricted to conditional jockeys compared to those that were not. Horses starting in their first race experienced 1.44 (95% CI 1.00–2.08; P = 0.05) times the odds of death compared to those that had raced before.
Main limitations
Classification of veterinary events frequently relied upon presumptive diagnosis.
Conclusions
This study provides a benchmark for the ongoing surveillance of veterinary events in NH flat racing. These results support the phasing out of NH flat races restricted to conditional jockeys and highlight the need for further work to establish why NH flat racing Thoroughbreds competing in their first race are at increased risk for death.</description><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Cohort Studies</subject><subject>death</subject><subject>Fatalities</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Fractures, Bone - epidemiology</subject><subject>Fractures, Bone - mortality</subject><subject>Fractures, Bone - veterinary</subject><subject>horse</subject><subject>Horses</subject><subject>Horses - injuries</subject><subject>Incidence</subject><subject>injuries</subject><subject>Ligaments - injuries</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>racehorse</subject><subject>Races</subject><subject>Retrospective Studies</subject><subject>Risk Factors</subject><subject>Running</subject><subject>Sports</subject><subject>Tendon Injuries - epidemiology</subject><subject>Tendon Injuries - mortality</subject><subject>Tendon Injuries - veterinary</subject><subject>United Kingdom - epidemiology</subject><issn>0425-1644</issn><issn>2042-3306</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2017</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp1kc9u1DAQxq0K1C6FQ1-gssSlPaS1x3bsHPuPFlTBpXCNnGTSepuNt7azaG8cufOGPAletnBAYi4zo_nNJ818hBxwdsJznOJqfsKh1OUOmQGTUAjByhdklktV8FLKPfIqxjljQoCEXbIHBoTiEmbk-yXGNrhlcn6kvqcrTBjcaMOa4grHFKkdOxpcfKS9bZMPkfY-5DrZwaU1dSP9aDfLdqA305hoP9hEg23deE_vHnzw0_1DE7CLG_Q6YJ6eB5ds7o6AMfbz2w9gXBy_Ji97O0R885z3yed3V3cXN8Xtp-v3F2e3RSuMKYuGC2GYqMCoEmXVNMqqzugKTQOAKJgFbmXFtJAWRIncSKW01j1nvFN5c58cbXWXwT9NGFO9cLHFYbAj-inW3GhQWlYgMvr2H3Tup5AvzVSlmJBaKp6p4y3VBh9jwL5eBrfID6w5qzf21Nme-rc9mT18VpyaBXZ_yT9-ZOB0C3x1A67_r1RfffmwlfwF3CCX2w</recordid><startdate>201711</startdate><enddate>201711</enddate><creator>Allen, S. E.</creator><creator>Rosanowski, S. M.</creator><creator>Stirk, A. J.</creator><creator>Verheyen, K. L. P.</creator><general>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>7X8</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7950-0029</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>201711</creationdate><title>Description of veterinary events and risk factors for fatality in National Hunt flat racing Thoroughbreds in Great Britain (2000–2013)</title><author>Allen, S. E. ; Rosanowski, S. M. ; Stirk, A. J. ; Verheyen, K. L. P.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c3886-b13380392856e49bb5a5d879e8b22ee30a21a490734a236e18455777f101d5803</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2017</creationdate><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Cohort Studies</topic><topic>death</topic><topic>Fatalities</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Fractures, Bone - epidemiology</topic><topic>Fractures, Bone - mortality</topic><topic>Fractures, Bone - veterinary</topic><topic>horse</topic><topic>Horses</topic><topic>Horses - injuries</topic><topic>Incidence</topic><topic>injuries</topic><topic>Ligaments - injuries</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>racehorse</topic><topic>Races</topic><topic>Retrospective Studies</topic><topic>Risk Factors</topic><topic>Running</topic><topic>Sports</topic><topic>Tendon Injuries - epidemiology</topic><topic>Tendon Injuries - mortality</topic><topic>Tendon Injuries - veterinary</topic><topic>United Kingdom - epidemiology</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Allen, S. E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rosanowski, S. M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stirk, A. J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Verheyen, K. L. P.</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Equine veterinary journal</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Allen, S. E.</au><au>Rosanowski, S. M.</au><au>Stirk, A. J.</au><au>Verheyen, K. L. P.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Description of veterinary events and risk factors for fatality in National Hunt flat racing Thoroughbreds in Great Britain (2000–2013)</atitle><jtitle>Equine veterinary journal</jtitle><addtitle>Equine Vet J</addtitle><date>2017-11</date><risdate>2017</risdate><volume>49</volume><issue>6</issue><spage>700</spage><epage>705</epage><pages>700-705</pages><issn>0425-1644</issn><eissn>2042-3306</eissn><abstract>Summary
Background
No large‐scale studies have described veterinary events occurring in National Hunt (NH) flat racing or investigated risk factors for fatality in this race type.
Objectives
To describe injuries and conditions requiring veterinary attendance on race day and to determine risk factors for racehorse fatality in NH flat racing in Great Britain.
Study design
Retrospective cohort study (2000–2013).
Methods
Information from all NH flat races held over the study period, including horse, race and veterinary event report details, was combined. Veterinary events were described by type and anatomical structure(s) affected. Incidence per 1000 starts were calculated for all veterinary events and by event group, and stratified by certain horse‐ and race‐level variables. Risk factors for fatality were determined using multivariable logistic regression modelling.
Results
Over the 14‐year study period, 544 veterinary events were recorded, providing an overall incidence of 13.0 events per 1000 starts. The most common events were bone injuries (23.5%) and tendon or ligament injuries (16.4%). A fatal outcome was recorded for 117 horses (21.5% of all events), resulting in an incidence of 2.9 deaths per 1000 starts. Odds of fatality were 4.33 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.59–11.82; P = 0.02) times higher in races restricted to conditional jockeys compared to those that were not. Horses starting in their first race experienced 1.44 (95% CI 1.00–2.08; P = 0.05) times the odds of death compared to those that had raced before.
Main limitations
Classification of veterinary events frequently relied upon presumptive diagnosis.
Conclusions
This study provides a benchmark for the ongoing surveillance of veterinary events in NH flat racing. These results support the phasing out of NH flat races restricted to conditional jockeys and highlight the need for further work to establish why NH flat racing Thoroughbreds competing in their first race are at increased risk for death.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</pub><pmid>28235142</pmid><doi>10.1111/evj.12676</doi><tpages>6</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7950-0029</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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source | Wiley-Blackwell Read & Publish Collection |
subjects | Animals Cohort Studies death Fatalities Female Fractures, Bone - epidemiology Fractures, Bone - mortality Fractures, Bone - veterinary horse Horses Horses - injuries Incidence injuries Ligaments - injuries Male racehorse Races Retrospective Studies Risk Factors Running Sports Tendon Injuries - epidemiology Tendon Injuries - mortality Tendon Injuries - veterinary United Kingdom - epidemiology |
title | Description of veterinary events and risk factors for fatality in National Hunt flat racing Thoroughbreds in Great Britain (2000–2013) |
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