Peripheral Nerve Schwannoma: A Review of Varying Clinical Presentations and Imaging Findings

Abstract A schwannoma or neurilemmoma is a benign, isolated, noninvasive, and encapsulated tumor originating from Schwann cells of the peripheral nerve sheath. The incidence of a schwannoma occurring in the foot and ankle is rare, with prevalence rate of 1% to 10%. Schwannomas have no sex predilecti...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Journal of foot and ankle surgery 2017-05, Vol.56 (3), p.632-637
Main Authors: Albert, Pradeep, MD, Patel, Jalpen, DPM, Badawy, Karim, BS, Weissinger, William, DPM, Brenner, Marc, DPM, Bourhill, Ian, MD, Parnell, John, MD
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Aged
benign neoplasm
Female
Humans
Male
Muscle Weakness - etiology
Nerve Sheath Neoplasms - diagnostic imaging
Nerve Sheath Neoplasms - pathology
Nerve Sheath Neoplasms - surgery
nerve sheath tumors
neurilemmoma
Neurilemmoma - diagnostic imaging
Neurilemmoma - pathology
Neurilemmoma - surgery
Orthopedics
Paresthesia - etiology
sural nerve
Sural Nerve - diagnostic imaging
Sural Nerve - pathology
Sural Nerve - surgery
tarsal tunnel syndrome
Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome - etiology
tibial nerve
Tibial Nerve - diagnostic imaging
Tibial Nerve - pathology
Tibial Nerve - surgery
Young Adult
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Summary:Abstract A schwannoma or neurilemmoma is a benign, isolated, noninvasive, and encapsulated tumor originating from Schwann cells of the peripheral nerve sheath. The incidence of a schwannoma occurring in the foot and ankle is rare, with prevalence rate of 1% to 10%. Schwannomas have no sex predilection, and they commonly occur in patients in their fourth decade. Malignant transformation of benign schwannoma is unusual; however, it is important to note that malignant variants of schwannomas do exist and account for about 5% to 10% of all soft tissue sarcomas. We present 3 cases of benign schwannoma in the lower extremity. All 3 patients presented with varying clinical symptoms, including pain, paresthesia, weakness, and a palpable mass. A schwannoma was eventually diagnosed in all 3 patients. We discuss and review the known entities of peripheral nerve schwannoma and describe the clinical and imaging findings and therapeutic strategies for treating and diagnosing peripheral nerve schwannoma.
ISSN:1067-2516
1542-2224
DOI:10.1053/j.jfas.2016.12.003