Monitoring of air pollution by polychlorinated dibenzo- p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans of pine needles in Korea

• Published in: Chemosphere (Oxford) 2002-03, Vol.46 (9), p.1351-1357
• Main Authors: Ok, Gon, Ji, Sung-Hee, Kim, Sang-Jo, Kim, Young-Kyo, Park, Ji-Hoon, Kim, Young-Seup, Han, Young-Ho
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Air Pollutants - analysis; Analysis methods; Animal, plant and microbial ecology; Applied ecology; Applied sciences; Atmospheric contamination; Atmospheric pollution; Biological and medical sciences; Cities; Ecotoxicology, biological effects of pollution; Effects of pollution and side effects of pesticides on plants and fungi; Environmental Monitoring; Exact sciences and technology; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Indicator; Korea; Pine needle; Pinus; Plant Leaves - chemistry; Pollution; Polychlorinated dibenzo- p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans; Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins - analogs & derivatives; Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins - analysis; Soil Pollutants - analysis
• ISSN: 0045-6535; 1879-1298
• DOI: 10.1016/S0045-6535(01)00261-2

The atmospheric contamination levels of polychlorinated dibenzo- p-dioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) were evaluated from the analysis of pine needles in South Korea. Pine needles were collected from 30 sampling points at five main cities in South Korea (Busan, Daegu, Gwangju, Changwon and Jeju island). The highest concentrations of PCDDs/DFs (2.19–26.88 pg I-TEQ/g of dry weight) were measured at Busan, where is the city of the highest population density and traffic volume among five cities. The lowest concentration was detected at Jeju with 0.62 pg I-TEQ/g dry weight, suggesting Jeju could be an environmental background area in Korea. The dominant homologues of PCDDs/DFs in pine needles were the lower chlorine-substituted compounds such as tetra CDDs and CDFs, and the distribution ratios of PCDDs/DFs decreased with increase of the number of chlorine substituents. Homologue profiles of pine needle samples were similar to PCDDs/DFs profiles of the vapor phase in the ambient air, and thus the pine needles absorbed the vapor phase of PCDDs/DFs from air. Results suggested that pine needles could be used as an indicator of the atmospheric contamination for PCDDs/DFs in Korea.